Types of Chemical Reactions

Types of Chemical Reactions

1) Combustion
2) Combination
3) Decomposition
4) Double Replacement
5) Displacement
6) Neutralization
7) Redox
LecturePLUS Timberlake 99
Types of Chemical Reactions Video

LecturePLUS Timberlake 99
 Combustion

A reaction of an element or compound with

oxygen.
C (s) + O2 (g) CO2 (g)
CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l)
C6H12O6 (s) + 6O2 (g) 6CO2 (g) + 6H2O (l)
 Learning Check

Balance the combustion equation.

___C5H12 (l) + ___O2 (g) ___CO2 (g) + ___H2O (l)

 Combination (Synthesis)
Two or more elements or simple
compounds combine to form one
product.
A + B AB
2Mg (s) + O2 (g) 2MgO (s)
2Na (s) + Cl2 (g) 2NaCl (s)
SO3 (g) + H2O (l) H2SO4 (aq)
 Decomposition

A single compound is broken down

(split) into two or more simpler
elements and/or compound.

AB A + B
2HgO (s) 2Hg (l) + O2 (g)
2KClO3 (s) 2KCl (s) + 3O2 (g)
 Learning Check

Classify the following reactions as

1) Combination or 2) Decomposition:

___A. H2 (g) + Br2 (g) 2HBr(g)

___B. CuCO3 (s) CuO (s) + CO2 (g)
___C. Mg (s) + Cl2 (g) MgCl2 (s)
 Displacement

One element takes the place of another

element in a compound during a reaction.
A + BC AC + B
Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
Fe (s) + CuSO4 (aq) FeSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)
Cl2 (g) + 2KBr(aq) 2KCl (aq) + Br2 (aq)
 Double Replacement
(aka. Double Displacement or
Double Decomposition Reaction)

Two ions in reaction take the place of each

other. Generally, occurs when two salt
solutions are mixed together which often result
in a precipitate (insoluble ionic compound).

AB + CD AD + CB
AgNO3 (aq) + NaCl (aq) AgCl (s) + NaNO3 (aq)
 Learning Check
Classify the following reactions as:
1) Displacement or
2) Double Replacement
__A. 2Al (s) + 3H2SO4 (aq) Al2(SO4)3 (aq) + 3H2 (g)

__B. Na2SO4 (aq) + Pb(NO3)2 (aq) PbSO4 (s) + 2NaNO3 (aq)

__C. 3C (s) + 2Fe2O3 (s) 4Fe (s) + 3CO2 (g)

 Redox Reactions
Reactions that involve a transfer of
electrons between two substances.

Occurs in some types of reactions and

combustion.

Important in food metabolism, batteries,

rusting of metals.
 Requirements for Redox
Reactions
Electrons are transferred
Two processes occur:
Oxidation = Loss of electrons (OIL)
Zn Zn2+ + 2e-
Reduction = Gain of electrons (RIG)
Cu2+ + 2e- Cu
 Learning Check

Identify the following as:

1) Oxidation or
2) Reduction

__A. Sn Sn4+ + 4e-

__B. Fe3+ + e- Fe2+
__C. Cl2 + 2e- 2Cl-
 Neutralization Reactions
A reaction between an acid and a base to form a salt and water.

Acids are proton donors (H+).

Bases are proton acceptors (H+) and are usually

oxides or hydroxides of metals.

Bases which are soluble in water are called alkalis.

Examples of Bases
Bases Alkalis
Cu(OH)2 NH3

CaO NaOH KOH

MgO
 Examples of Neutralization Reactions

HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)

H3PO4 (aq)+ 3KOH (aq) K3PO4 (aq) + 3H2O (l)

2HNO3 (aq) + Ca(OH)2 (aq) Ca(NO3)2 (aq) + 2H2O (l)

H2SO4 (aq) + CuO (s) CuSO4 (aq) + H2O (l)

6HCl (aq) + Fe2O3 (s) 2FeCl3 (aq) + 3H2O (l)

THE END