SOLAR PANELED ROADS

Presented by :-
Abhishek verma, Abhishek verma(Daante),
Ahmad khan, Ajay Kumar Meena, Ajay Saini
Inventers Of Solar Roadways:-)

Julie & Scott Brusaw

 Motive Of This Technology :-)

To reduce the dependency on fossil fuels.

To replace all current petroleum asphalt roads,

parking lots, and driveways.

To create the clean energy boom & to provide a

decentralized ,self healing power grid, which pay
for itself.
SOLAR PANELED
ROADS
 Photovoltaic Cell

Photovoltaic's (PV) is a method of generating electrical power by converting solar radiation

into direct current electricity using semiconductors that exhibit the photovoltaic effect.

Light consists of electromagnetic radiation & when an electromagnetic radiation becomes

incident on a semiconductor material (p-n junction), the photons are absorbed by the
material and electrons are knocked loose from the atoms in the semiconductor material. If
electrical conductors are attached to the positive and negative sides, forming an electrical
circuit, the electrons can be captured in the form of an electric current, that is, electricity.
 Construction :-)
GLASS SURFACE

LED
LEDLIGHTENING
LIGHTENING
Consist of three layers
SUPPORT 1.Road surface/glass layer.
STRUCTURE 2.Electronics layer.
3.Base plate layer.
BASE
LAYER

WATER COLLECTING
BASAIN
 Road surface layer/glass layer

Translucent and high-strength, it is rough enough to provide

sufficient traction, yet still passes sunlight through to the solar
collector cells embedded within, along with LEDs and a heating
element .
 Electronic layer

It contain photovoltaic cell which absorbs solar energy.It also contains a

Microprocessor board with support circuitry for sensing loads on the
surface and controlling a heating element with a view to reducing on
eliminating snow.
Base plate layer

While the electronic layer collects energy from the

sun, it is the base plate layer that distributes that
power as well as data in the ground line, i,e all the
lines connected to roadways.
It has the property to be resistant against
environmental conditions to protect the electrical
lines.
Structural And
Electrical Design
 STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS
The structure must be able to support the cyclic distributed load
from vehicle tires without failing through deformation, fracture.
The transparent layer cannot deflect over the cell compartments so
much that the layer transmits load to the solar cells.
The structure must be corrosion resistant to potential
contaminants.
The design must be modular and facilitate easy
maintenance.
The weight of the panel must be low enough such that it can be
easily maneuvered for testing and installation purposes.
 ELECTRICAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

Should be designed such that no shading of the solar

cells occurs.
Interconnection between the cells should be strong
enough to withstand potential deflections from the
optical layer.
The panel must be weatherproof so that water and other
contaminants are not able to interfere with the
electronics.
There must be a diode installed on the output electrical
line of the panel to block reverse currents, as this would
damage the solar cells within the panel.
Structural design

In The University of Western Ontario, the design of the panel

was done by COMSOL Multiphysics, an engineering
simulation software.
COMSOL Multiphysics which has both the modeling and
simulation capabilities
The model created in the COMSOL Multiphysics consists of a
vertically hollow square base layer with sides 4 meters in
length, 0.5 meter in height and 0.1 meter in thickness..
The base layer is considered to be made up of concrete, and
covered with a transparent cover of size 4 m and thickness
0.01 m made up of acrylic plastic.
The acrylic sheets have a working temperature range of -
40C up to 93C, and the elastic properties are assumed to
remain constant in this temperature range.
 Material properties for
Acrylic plastic and Concrete

. For the analysis, the loads associated with the vehicles are selected
based on the specification from American Association of State Highways
and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). Two types of loadings, H loading
and HS loading are given by AASHTO.
H loading consists of a two axle truck and HS loading consists of a
tractor truck with semi-trailer.
In general, there are four standard classes of highway loading conditions
namely H15, H20, HS15 and HS20.
The number following the H and HS letter denotes the gross weight in
tons of a standard truck.
 Specifications of car, motorbike
and bicycle used in the analysis

The size of selected base layer was 1.5 m x 0.2 m x 0.1 m, covered
by a transparent top cover of size 1.5 meters and with a thickness
of 10 mm. It was found that the total weight of the bicycle,
90.7kg (including weight of the bicycle and person travelling on it)
caused a stress of 20.67MPa, which is quite low when compared
to the ultimate tensile strength of 69MPa. The maximum surface
displacement was 2.05mm, which is well below the AASHTO
design standard.
MECHANISM

Video is important here

First, the sunlight is absorbed by a solar cell in a solar panel.

The absorbed light causes electrons in the material to increase in energy. At the
same time making them free to move around in the material.
However, the electrons remain at this higher energy for only a short time before
returning to their original lower energy position.
Therefore, to collect the carriers before they lose the energy gained from the
light, a PN junction is typically used.
A PN junction consists of two different regions of a semiconductor material
(usually silicon), with one side called the p type region and the other the n-type
region.
During the incident of light energy, in p-type material, electrons can gain energy
and move into the n-type region.
Then they can no longer go back to their original low energy position and
remain at a higher energy.
The process of moving a light- generated carrier from p-type region to n-type
region is called collection.
These collections of carriers (electrons) can be either extracted from the device
to give a current, or it can remain in the device and gives rise to a voltage.
The electrons that leave the solar cell as current give up their energy to
whatever
is connected to the solar cell, and then re-enter the solar cell. Once back in
the solar cell, the process begins again.
COMPARISON
B/W
BITUMINOUS ROADS
&
SOLAR ROADWAYS
ADVANTAGES
 Illuminated loads and snow management

1 ILLUMINATED- the Solar Roadways will have LEDs which will

"paint" the lanes, and can be instantly customized as needed.
The LEDs could be utilized to create messages on the roads to
warn drivers of detours, accidents, or construction works up
ahead. With an illuminated highway, accidents will be reduced
and night time driving will be safer.
2 SNOW / ICE MANAGEMENT-A benefit to the use of solar
roadways is that the de-icing of roads will not be required; this is
due to panels being capable of self heating.
The panels will have sensors which will determine when the
temperature falls below a certain point and will activate the
heating system which will prevent the buildup of snow and ice.
SOLAR ROADWAY LIGHTING
Intelligent highway

TRAFFIC SIGNS
LEDs can be embedded in standard highway
warning and regulatory signs to outline either the
sign itself or the words and symbols on the sign.. In
general, embedded LED units are used to:
Improve driver compliance with regulatory signs
through improved conspicuity; and
Enhance visibility and recognition of regulatory
and warning signs to drivers, especially under low-
light or low-visibility conditions. Solar roadways
can be used to power these equipments
Parking lot integeration

Problem of parking can be resolved to a limit.

Parking area will have lanes for parking of all types
of vehicle in in a particular manner so that no chaos
could be created while heavy parking.
On go charging
DISADVANTAGES
OF
SOLAR ROADS
By ahmad

10.2 DISADVANTAGES OF SOLAR ROADS

Maintenance costs:
They are more because road surfaces accumulate rubber,
salt, soil and other substances that block sunlight and must
be removed. The durability of the panels may also be less,
further increasing maintenance costs.

Seasonal efficiency:
In India the solar road will work efficiently in summer, while it
will give comparatively less efficiency in other seasons due to
lack of solar radiations. Where as in the countries where
summer lasts for more than half of year this technique can be
efficiently used.
COUTRIES WITH ADAPTED
TECHNOLOGY

NEITHERLANDS
INDIA
ROAD SURVEY OF INDIA
. CONCLUSION
 THANK YOU
(TELL ME IF YOU WANT TO ADD
ADDITIONAL TOPICS AND ADD COMENTS
TO THAT SLIDE)