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Cuneiform
= Sumerian
system of
writing
The
symbols
represented
complex
ideas
The Sumerian Civilization
Scribes were
trained to read
& write
documents and
stories
Epic of
Gilgamesh =
oldest story in
the world
The Sumerian Civilization
Practiced
polytheism = belief
in more than one god
Each city-state had its
own god
Negative outlook on
life and the afterlife
Believed gods were
selfish and had no
regard for humans
Sumerian Inventions
1. Wagon Wheel
2. Arch
3. Potters Wheel
4. Sundial
5. 12-month
Calendar
6. Metal Plow
First Mesopotamian Empires
The Akkadians
Empire under Sargon I
Kingdom was called
Akkad
Conquered & united all
of the Sumerian city-
states
Empire fell apart after
his & his grandsons
death
First Mesopotamian Empires
Babylon
Ruled by Hammurabi
Strict Code of Laws = Hammurabis
greatest achievement
Rules and consequences that addressed
daily life
Law code covered entire region of
Mesopotamia
Eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth type of
laws
Government assumed the responsibility of
protecting its citizens
People now had laws to protect their
rights & didnt need to resort to violence
First Mesopotamian Empires
Babylon