Low Rise Buildings

The Built Environment in which we live is composed

of:-
Buildings
Travel systems
Services
Disposal & Treatment Systems.

The particular use of land has developed over a period of years as towns
have grown either from industrial settlements on a river or market towns
on the junction of several main roads.

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Modern Buildings
Society requires many different types of buildings,
each must be specifically designed to provide certain
facilities.
The use of buildings can be broadly divided into five
areas.
Residential - houses and apartments
Commercial - shops and offices
Industrial - warehouses and factories
Agricultural - farm buildings
Community - schools and sport centres
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Residential Domestic
The most important requirement about a residential
building is that of providing protection from the
elements and the environment.
About 70% of residential buildings in N. Ireland are
owner occupied, the rest are provided by Local
Authorities and Large Institutions or individuals
investing in property.
Residential or domestic buildings as they are often
called can be divided into many different types.

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Examples are:-
Terraced or (town houses)
Semi detached
Detached
Single storey
Two storey
Apartments
Low rise buildings
High rise buildings
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Terraced houses

A row or street of houses occupied by different

tenants. Terraced dwellings may be one, two or three
storeys high.
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Terraced houses

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Semi Detached

Semi Detached
Two storey house

Two dwellings under the one roof which are occupied

by separate families.
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Detached Bungalow

A bungalow
is a single
storey
dwelling.

Detached This is a building which is not connected

to any other buildings.

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Apartments Flat

Apartments This is a large building which is divided

into compartments for each tenant. Each tenant
occupies part of one floor.
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Apartments Flat

Low rise buildings are

buildings which do not
exceed three storeys
high

Common entrance door

and stairway

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High Rise Flats

Multi-storey High
Rise Erected where
space is limited in
built up areas or
where land is very
expensive.

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Commercial Properties
These are buildings which are mainly involved with
retailing products to the public or providing services:-
Shops
Offices
Banks
Shopping Centres

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Commercial Properties

Office block

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Commercial Properties

Large scale shopping

development.

Traditional style shops

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Industrial- warehouses
and factories
Industrial buildings vary a great deal in their size and
type of construction. The reasons for this are the type
of business being undertaken in the building and the
scale of the factory.
Examples:-
Large scale engineering
Food processing
Joinery workshop
Electronic assembly.
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Industrial- warehouses
and factories

Small industrial or warehouse units

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Industrial units

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Agriculture Modern
Large scale agricultural building
constructed from a portal frame.
All steel elements in this building have
been galvanized to prevent rust

The structure is a large portal frame

covered with powder coated aluminium
sheet which will not rust.
The walls are constructed from 225mm
solid block work which is plastered on
both sides.

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Agriculture Buildings

Some cattle
houses have
access to
feed the
cattle silage
from outside
of the
building.

Some smaller cattle houses are

constructed from portal frames. The
steel is usually painted

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Agriculture Traditional

Most old hay barns are constructed

from light weight steel structures
sheeted on the outside with
galvanised steel sheet which is usually
painted green or red.

Cattle houses constructed during the

seventies and eighties usually had round
roofs. The wall were constructed from
150mm blockwork plastered on both
sides.

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Community
These buildings are used to accommodate the
facilities which a community require:-
Schools
Hospitals
Health Centres
Community Centres
Sport Centres.
Concert halls The Water Front Hall Belfast

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Community Schools

Schools can be single storey in the case of small

primary buildings or a single storey portal frame for a
Technology building.
This is a large
educational building
constructed from a
steel frame and clad
on the outside with a
glass curtain walling
system to keep out the
elements.
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Community

The Odyssey
arena is a
sports complex
which also
contains shops,
restaurants,
several large
cinemas etc.
The building has a structural frame of steel and
concrete. The outside of the building is clad with glass,
clay tiles and metal sheeting.
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Community Churches

Some churches
are modern
structures but
this one is built
from load
bearing
masonry
rendered on
both sides. This
building is about
300 years old.

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Three storey school structure

This three storey school building is constructed from a

steel frame incased in concrete.