Comparators

Comparator:
A comparator is a precision
instrument used for comparing
dimensions of a part under test
with the working standards.
Any comparator system works
for applications in situations
such as repetitive measurement.
Desirable features of
comparator:
A good comparator should be able to
record variations in microns, and among
other desirable features(characteristics) it
should possess the following:
The scale used in the measurement
should be linear and have a wide range of
acceptability for measurement.
There should not be backlash and lag
between the movement of plunger and
recording mechanism.
The instrument must be precise and
accurate.
The indication method should be clear.
The indicator must return to zero and
the pointer should be from the
oscillations.
The design and construction of the
comparator(supporting table, stand,
etc.) should be robust.
The measuring pressure should be
suitable and must remain uniform for all
similar measuring cycles.
The comparator must possess maximum
compensation for temperature effects.
Classification of
comparators

Mechanical comparators
Optical comparators
Electrical comparators
Pneumatic comparators
 Uses of Comparators
In mass production, where components are to be checked
at a very fast rate.
As laboratory standards from which working or inspection
gauges are set and correlated.
For inspecting newly purchased gauges.
In selective assembly of parts, where parts are graded in
three or more groups depending upon their tolerances.
Attached with some machines , comparators can be used
as working gauges to prevent work spoilage and to
maintain required tolerances at all stages of manufacturing.
Advantages of comparators
Advantages
i) These are usually cheaper in comparison to other devices of
amplifying.
ii) These do not require any external supply such as electricity
or air and as such the variations in outside supplies do not
affect the accuracy.
iii) Usually the mechanical comparators have linear scale which
is easily understood.
iv) These are usually robust and compact and easy to handle.
v) For ordinary workshop conditions, these are suitable and
being portable can be issued from a store.
 Disadvantages
Disadvantages
i) The mechanical comparators have got more moving parts
than other types. Due to more moving parts, the friction is
more and ultimately the accuracy is less.
ii) Any slackness in moving parts reduces the accuracy
considerably.
iii) The mechanism has more inertia and this may cause the
instruments to be sensitive to vibration.
iv) The range of the instrument is limited as the pointer moves
over a fixed scale.