PRESENTATION ON

COMMUNAL RIOTS

BY-
MUSKAN LALWANI
ROLL NO.- A 18
 COMMUNAL
RIOTS
"They came first for the Communists,
And I didn't speak up because I Wasn't a Communist
; And then they came for the trade unionists, And I didn't speak up
because
I wasn't a trade unionist;
And then they came for the Jews,
And I didn't speak up because I wasnt a Jew;
And then... they came for me... And by that time there was no one left to speak up." --Martin
Niemller
RIOTS OR RIGHTS?

Riot is a form of civil disorder characterized by disorganized

groups.
Riots often occur in reaction to a perceived grievance or out of
dissent .
Riots typically involve vandalism and the destruction of private
and public property.
Rioters target shops, cars, restaurants, state-owned institutions,
and religious buildings.
COMMUNAL RIOTS
Communal riots have become a distinct feature of communalism in
India.
Whenever conflicting groups from two different religions, which
are self-conscious communities, clash, it results in a communal riot.
An event is identified as a communal riot if
(a) there is violence, and
(b) two or more communally identified groups confront each other
or members of the other group at some point during the violence.
MAJOR RIOTS IN INDIA
1927- NAGPUR RIOTS
1957- RAMNAD RIOTS
1961- JABALPUR RIOTS
1984- ANTI SIKH RIOTS
1991- ANTI TAMIL(RIOTS OF KARNATAKA)
2002- GUJARAT RIOTS (BEST BAKERY CASE)
2006- ALIGARH RIOTS
2007- WEST BENGAL FOOD RIOTS
2010- DEGANGA RIOTS
Violation of Laws
Violation of Constitution of India- Section 14,15,19,20,21,22,25,26,29,32,39A,
and 50.
Violation of Indian Penal Code of 1960- section 120 B in conjunction with 302
sections 153, 166, 171, 186, 187, 199, 203, 295, 295A, and 506.
Violation of Principles of International Law- passed under U.N. Resolution 260(III)
A- applicable sections under Articles 1 to 9.
Violation of the Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or
Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities.
Violation of U.N. Declarations of Human Rights- Articles 1 to 30
Violation of U.N. Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against
Women- Articles 1 to 30.
ROLE OF POLITICIANS
The most important players in any communal violence are politicians.
No communal riot can take place without the direct or indirect role of
politicians, much less Gujarat like carnage. According to an
investigation there hasnt been any communal riot in which politicians
have not played direct or indirect role.
It is only politicians who prepare atmosphere for communal violence
through provocative speeches and newspaper articles. The second
stage is to spread rumor through a well planned manner and third
stage is to start violence using some spark here and there.
ROLE OF POLICE
In communal violence after politicians another important factor is the
police. If the police wants, it can curb communal violence in no time.
There are two conditions:(
1) the police should be strictly professional and should handle
communal disturbances strictly as per law and order situation and(
2) it should be allowed to function without political interference as
long as they do their job professionally.
The shocking thing is that all those police officers who were indicted
by the judicial inquiry commissions were never penalized ; instead
they were rewarded by promotions for their communal misdeeds.
CASE STUDY
1. 1984 Anti Sikh Riots- Delhi, 1k deaths. Due to Indira Gandhis
Assassination by her Sikh bodyguards.
2. 2002 Gujarat Violence- Godhra, 3000+ deaths.
3. 1992-93 Mumbai riots- 900+ deaths.
THE NEED TO PREVENT RIOTS
Loss of lives
Loss of public and private property
Loss to economy
Loss of good-will and faith among people
Un-ending grievances for the aggrieved family members of the
victims.
CONCLUSION
Seeing the present situation of politicians, corrupt police and ignorant
public, there's no stopping to communal violence in future also but
if the laws are strictly obeyed its not possible to curb it.