Hemato-renal Response to

Exercise
 Introduction
Hemostatis, mechanisms activated to maintain
the integrity of the blood vessels and to
conserve the blood distribution
Hemoconcentration, the condition in which total
plasma volume decrease.
Fibrinolysis, dissolution of fibrin clot resulting
from activity of a certain protein that hydrolyze
fibrin avoiding the intravascular clot
formation
 Capillary hydrostatic pressure, pressure
caused by the force of gravity acting on a
fluid occurs in capillary beds, drive out the
solutes/fluid across the endothelial lining to
interstitial space
Intramuscular osmotic pressure, the osmosis
force occurs intramuscular which passively
absorbs the solutes/fluid from interstitial
space.
The balance of osmotic and hydrostatic
pressure conserve the fluid movements into
or out of the interstitial space
 Hematologic response to
exercise
Decrease of Plasma Volume
Fluid shift from capillary to tissue Increased
capillary hydrostatic pressure and
intramuscular osmotic pressure
Core temperature maintenance and Heat
dissipation by sweat losses
 Fluid movement to
intramuscular
Increased energy expenditure with
exercise demands more oxygen
Local control of blood flow ensures that
only working muscles with increased
metabolic demands receive increased
blood and oxygen delivery more fluid
uptake from interstitial space
intramuscular osmosis pressure and
capillary hydrostatic pressure
Decrease of the Plasma Volume
 Heat dissipation mechanism
Heat Is a By-product of Energy-Requiring
Metabolic Processes
Exercise increase heat production within
the body 10-fold than idle elicits
Acetylcholine mediated heat-loss
responses skin blood flow
sympathetic response stimulate sweat
gland to secrete fluid derive the sweat
water from blood plasma Decrease the
Plasma Volume
 Plasma volume decreased
hemoconcentration activity of platelet
prevent clot formation on the vascular
walls fibrinolyis
Plasma volume decreased activate the
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
(RAAS) Water and salt conservation
mechanism ~ RENAL RESPONSE TO
EXERCISE
 Renal Response to Exercise
Reduced arterial pressure and blood
volume (~ plasma volume) release of
renin from the kidneys.
Renin release is mediated by the
sympathetic nervous system direct
effect of arterial pressure on the kidneys
renal blood flow decrease of GFR
Retention of water and salt
 Renin + angiotensinogen Angiotensin I
Angiotensin I + angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) Angiotensin II
Angiotensin II :
It is a powerful arteriolar vasoconstrictor
increase systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
It reduces sodium excretion by increasing
sodium reabsorption by proximal tubules of
the kidney.
It causes the release of aldosterone from
the adrenal cortex.
It causes the release of ADH from the
posterior pituitary gland.
 Products of RAAS
Aldosterone reduce renal excretion of
sodium Retention of sodium
Retention of sodium paves the way increasing
blood volume
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) , also known
as Arginine vasopressin (AVP)
ADH decrease renal excretion of water
concentrated urine.
ADH release stimulates the thirst centre
encourage water intake Correct the water
deficit
 The RAAS is important in the normal
maintenance of blood volume and blood
pressure. It is critical when salt and water
intake is reduced.
RENAL RESPONSE TO
EXERCISE
Thank You