Wcdma Fundamental (Ran) Issue 1.0

Internal
WN000001 WCDMA
FundamentalRAN
ISSUE 1.0
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Know the development of WCDMA system
Know the fundamental of CDMA technology
Know the architecture of WCDMA system
and the air interface
Know the types and functions of wireless
channels in WCDMA system
Know the main signaling procedure in
WCDMA system
Know the WCDMA system coding method
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 2

Chapter 1 3G Summary
Chapter 2 CDMA Fundamental
Chapter 3 WCDMA System Architecture
Chapter 4 WCDMA Air Interface
Chapter 5 WCDMA Signaling Procedure
Chapter 6 WCDMA System Coding Method

Different Service, Different Technology
1G 1980s 2G 1990s 3G
Analog Digital IMT-2000
AMPS GSM
UMTS
CDMA WCDMA
TACS Technologies IS-95 Demands
drive drive CDMA
NMT TDMA 2000
IS-136
TD-
Others
PDC SCDMA
3G provides compositive services for both operators and subscribers

3G Evolution
Proposal of 3G
IMT-2000 is the general name of third generation mobile

communication system
The third generation mobile communication was first

proposed in 1985and was renamed as IMT-2000 in the
year of 1996
Commercialization: around the year of 2000
Work band : around 2000MHz
The highest service rate :up to 2000Kbps

3G Spectrum Allocation
1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250
2010 MHz
ITU IMT 2000 MSS

IMT 2000 MSS
1885 MHz 2025 MHz 2110 MHz 2170 MHz
Europe GSM 1800 DECT UMTS MSS UMTS MSS
1805 MHz 1880 MHz 1980 MHz
cellular(1) cellular(2) cellular(2) 2025MHz
GSM FDD TDD FDD

China 1800
CDMA
WLL WLL
CDMA
WLL
1920
1945
1960
1980
1865
1885
1895
1918
2170 MHz
Japan C PHS IMT A2000 MSS

B IMT A2000 MSS
1865
1870
1885
1890
1930
1945
1965
1975
1895
1910
1970
1990 MHz 2165 MHz

PCS
USA A D B EF C A D B EF C MSS Broadcast auxiliary Reserve MSS
1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250

Bands
Main bands
19201980MHz21102170MHz
WCDMA frequency formula
frequency channel numbercentral frequency5
UL frequency channel number 96129888
DL frequency channel number : 1056210838
Supplementary bands
17551785MHz18501880MHz

3G Driving Force
Increased capacity requirementssome systems such as D-

AMPSGSMPDCPHS are approaching saturation
Developing rate of mobile communication: one decade one

generation
Demands of high speed data service and multimedia service in

radio network

3G Application ServiceConversational
Voice service and video telephone

3G ApplicationStreaming
VOD Mobile TV Traffic monitoring

3G ApplicationInteractive
Online game Web browsing LCS

3G ApplicationBackground
Data download Picture and tone Email transceiving

download


Multi-path Environment
Transmitted
signal
Received
signal
Time

Fading
Received Power(dBm)
-20 Fast fading
Slow fading
-40
-60
Distance(m)
10 20 30

Frequency Selection of Fading
P(f) P(f)
Fading
Narrowband
System
f f
Transmit Signal Received Signal
P(f) P(f)
Fading
Broadband
System f f
Transmit Signal Received Signal

Multiple Access Technology and Duplex Technology
Multiple access technology
Time division multiple access (TDMA)

Frequency division multiple access (FDMA)
Code division multiple access (CDMA)
Duplex technology
Time division duplex (TDD)

Frequency division duplex (FDD)

What is CDMA?
FDMA TDMA
power
power
CDMA
power

Correlation
Correlation is a measure of similarity of between any two arbitrary signals.
EXAMPLE:
+1
0 -1 1 -1 1
-1 -1 1 -1 1
+1 1 1 1 1
0
1 correlation
-1
Identical signals
+1
0 -1 1 -1 1
-1 11 11
-1 1 -1 1
+1 Zero correlation
0 Orthogonal signals
-1

Spreading
Users UE1UE2UE3
UE1 spreading UE1c1
UE2 spreading UE2c2
UE3 spreading UE3c3
c1c2c3 are orthogonal with each other
Transmitting signal
UE1c1 UE2c2 UE3c3

Despreading
UE1 uses c1 to despread
(UE1c1 UE2c2UE3c3)c1
UE1(c1c1)UE2(c2c1)UE3(c3c1)
UE11UE20UE30
UE1
UE2 uses c2 to despread, UE3 uses c3 to despread
in this way, they can get their own signal

Features of CDMA
Advantages
High spectrum efficiency

Security
spreaded signal is close to noise
with ability of anti-interference
Soft capacity
Disadvantages
More band occupancy

Self-interference system
Hard to carry out


3.1 WCDMA Release Evolution
3.2 WCDMA RAN Interface Protocol
3.3 ATM Fundamental

WCDMA Release Evolution
Include all the services Include all the services and
and functions of R99 functions of R4
CS domain changes: IMS domain is adopted
control is separated from Enhanced IP QoS ability, supporting
bearer, the function of end to end IP multimedia service
MSC can be fulfilled by
Include all the services MSC SERVER and MGW
and functions of 2G Packet voice supported
( GSM and GPRS ) by CS domain, supporting R5
CN is made up of CS ATM, IP, TDM
domain and PS domain
Iu interface between RAN R4
and CN is based on ATM
R99
Specification
2000 2001 2002 finished time
WCDMA R99 Network Architecture
PSTN
ISDN
MSC/VLR GMSC
GSM /GPRS BSS
BSC
BTS HLR/AUC
PCU
SS7 SCE
RNC SMS
NodeB SCP
GPRS backbone/
Internet,
Intranet
UTRAN SGSN GGSN
CG
BG
Other PLMN

IP/ATM Backbone
MGW MGW PSTN
ISDN
GSM /GPRS BSS VMSC Server GMSC Server
BSC
BTS HLR/AUC
PCU SCE
SS7
RNC SMS
NodeB SCP
GPRS backbone Internet,
Intranet
SGSN
UTRAN GGSN
CG BG
Other PLMN

CS domain IP/ATM Backbone
MGW MGW PSTN/PLMN

GSM /GPRS BSS
VMSC Server GMSC Server
BSC
BTS HLR/AUC/HSS
Iu-CS
SCE
PCU SS7
RNC SMS
SCP
NodeB Iu-PS Internet,
GPRS Intranet
backbone
UTRAN SGSN
GGSN
MGW
PS MGCF
domain CG BG
IP backbone
S-CSCF
P-CSCF
MRFC
MRFP
IMS domain

3.3 ATM Fundamental

WCDMA RAN Architecture
Core Network
Iu Iu
RNS RNS
Iur
RNC RNC
Iub Iub Iub Iub
Node B Node B Node B Node B

Uu Air Interface Protocol
GC Nt DC
Duplication avoidance
GC Nt DC
UuS boundary
C-plane signaling U-plane information
control RRC control L3

control
control
control
Radio
Bearers
PDCPPDCP L2/PDCP
BMC L2/BMC
RLC RLC L2/RLC

RLC RLC RLC
RLC RLC RLC
Logical
Channels
MAC L2/MAC
Transport
Channels
PHY L1

Iu-CS Interface Protocol
Radio
Control plane User plane
network
layer
RANAP Iu UP
Transport network
Transport control plane
network Transport network Transport network
layer user plane ALCAP user plane
A
SCCP B
A B C
MTP3-B MTP3-B
SAAL NNI SAAL NNI AAL2 PATH
ATM
Physical layer

Iu-PS Interface Protocol
Radio Control plane User plane
network
layer RANAP Iu UP
Transport Transport network Transport network Transport network

network user plane control plane user plane
layer
A B GTP-U
SCCP
A C UDP
MTP3-B
IP
SAAL NNI
AAL Type 5
ATM ATM
Physical layer Physical layer

Iur Interface Protocol
network
layer
RNSAP Iur data stream
Transport network
Transport Transport network Transport network
control plane
network user plane user plane
layer ALCAP
A
SCCP B
A B C
MTP3-B MTP3-B
SAAL UNI SAAL UNI AAL2 PATH
ATM
Physical layer

Iub Interface Protocol
RACH FP
network
layer
FACH
NBAP
FP
NCP CCP CCP
Transport Transport network Transport network Transport network
network user plane control plane user plane
layer
ALCAP
A B C
SAAL UNI SAAL UNI

AAL2 PATH
ATM
Physical layer

3.3 ATM Fundamental

Traditional Switching
Circuit Switching
Connection-oriented with low time delay, suitable for voice

service
Adopt fixed timeslot allocation, only support single rate
Bandwidth is greatly wasted when used for data transfer
Packet Switching
Support multi-rate switching
Unstable time delay, not suitable for real-time service

ATM Definition
ATMAsynchronous Transfer Mode
A kind of fast packet switching technology, combining with

the advantages of circuit switching and packet switching
Suitable for all kinds of servicesvoice, data, image, etc.

ATM Network Model
UNI NNI NNI
NNI
UNI
NNI
PNNI
PNNI
ICI Other
network
UNI NNI services
NNI
NNINetwork to Network Interface
UNIUser to Network Interface
ICI Inter-Carrier Interface
NNI
PNNI: Private Network-Node Interface

ATM Protocol Model
User information transfer,
Call connect and
float control and error
control
recovery
Facet management
Layer management
Control plane User plane
Manage resources
User data and and parameters of
High High each protocol entity
signaling layer layer in every layer
ATM ATM
exchange between high-
adaptation adaptation
layer information and ATM
layer (SAAL) layer (AAL)
cell
Cell exchange and Dispose adjustment
multiplex/demultiplex ATM layer of each layer, no
sub-layer structure
Frame structure,
Physical layer
physical media

Functions of each layer
Adaptation layer
Adaptation Implement required services of high layer
layer
Intertransfer between high layer protocol
data and ATM cell
ATM layer
ATM layer Cell transfer

Guarantee Qos
Physical layer
Cell delimiting, transmission frame

Physical layer generation /recovery /adaptation
Line coding, bit timing

ATM Cell Format
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1 GFC VPI 1 VPI
2 VPI 2
3 VCI 3 VCI
4 PTI CLP 4 PTI CLP
5 HEC 5 HEC
6 6
PAYLOAD PAYLOAD
53 53
UNI cell format NNI cell format
GFCGeneral Flow Control VPI Virtual Path Identifier

VCI Virtual Channel Identifier PTI Payload Type Indicator
CLPCell Loss Priority HECHeader Error Control

ATM Cell Switch Procedure
ATM network equipment
User B ATM terminal equipment
Intertransfer
UNI ATM switch
between ATM Port 1
cell and user VPI=2
data VCI=37
Port VPI VCI
Port 2 1 2 37
2 1 51
NNI VPI=1 VCI=51

ATM network equipment
ATM switch
Port 1
User A ATM terminal equipment

Port VPI VCI
Intertransfer
UNI 1 1 51
between ATM Port 2
VPI=3 2 3 39
cell and user
data VCI=39

ATM Switching Classification
ATM switching can be taken as a kind of packet switching
ATM switching includes VP switching and VC switching
VPI and VCI are concepts which exist only between two
physical nodes

VC Switching and VP Switching
ATM switching route table
Input Output
Entry Physical Physical
VPI ,VC I VPI ,VC I
Number bearer bearer
1 1 VPI 1,VCI 2 4 VPI 2,VCI 4
2 1 VPI 1,VCI 1 3 VPI 3,VCI 3
3 1 VPI 4,XXX 3 VPI 5,XXX
VC switching
VCI 1 VCI 2 VCI 3 VCI 4
VPI 1 VPI 3 VPI 2 Physical Bearer 4
VPI 2 VCI 4
Physical Bearer 1
VCI 1 VCI 3
VPI 1 VPI 3
VCI 2
VCI 1 VCI 1
VPI 4 VPI 5
VCI 2 VCI 2
VP switching Physical Bearer 3

AAL Adaptation Classification
Service type A type B type C type D
Bit rate fixed variable variable variable
Connection Connection- Connection- Connection-

oriented oriented oriented Connectionless
Adaptation AAL1 AAL2 AAL3/4 AAL5
Different AALs are used to bear different kinds of services
In WCDMA system, AAL2 bearer and AAL5 bearer are mainly adopted

AAL Adaptation Procedure
CES NCP or CCP or ALCAP or IPoA
AAL2 PA TH
CBR VBR-RT VBR-NRT
Iub data
segmentation packing
AAL1 AAL2 AAL5

IMA/UNI/STM-1
ATM Cell
VCI-101 VP I-10
VPI-10
VCI-100
VCI-100
E1/T1/SDH(STM-1)
VCI-101
VP I-20
AAL Layer ATM Layer Physical Layer


4.1 Key Technologies
4.2 Radio Channels

WCDMA Communication Model
Channel
Source coding &
Interleaving spreading Scrambling Modulation Transmitting
coding interleaving
Radio channel
Deinterleaving
Source deinterleaving Despreading Descrambling Demodulation Receiving
&channel
decoding
decoding

Terms
Bit, Symbol, Chip
Bit : data after source coding
Symbol: data after channel coding and interleaving
Chip: data after spreading
WCDMA chip rate: 3.84Mcps

WCDMA Source Coding
AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate) voice coding
Multi-rate:
8 coding rates
benefit multi-mode terminal design
Adaptation: when cell load increases, the system will

decrease speech rate of part of subscribers automatically
so as to support more subscribers

WCDMA Channel Coding
Purpose:
enhance the correlation among symbols so as to recover

the signal when interfered
types
Speech service: convolution code1/2, 1/3
Data service: Turbo code

Spreading code: OVSFWalsh
OVSF: Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor, generated by
Walsh matrix
Cch,4,0 =(1,1,1,1)
Cch,2,0 = (1,1)
Cch,4,1 = (1,1,-1,-1)
Cch,1,0 = (1)
Cch,4,2 = (1,-1,1,-1)
Cch,2,1 = (1,-1)
Cch,4,3 = (1,-1,-1,1)
SF = 1 SF = 2 SF = 4

Purpose of OVSF
For uplink, OVSF is used to separate different services of one

connection
For downlink, OVSF is used to separate different connections
Typical service Data rate Downlink SF Uplink SF
AMR 12.2+3.4 128 64
Modem28.8k 28.8+3.4 64 32
12.2kAMR & 64k packet data 12.2+64+3.4 32 16

Scrambling code: GOLD sequence
For uplink, scrambling code is used to separate different connection
Uplink: 224 long scrambles and 224 short scrambles
For downlink, scrambling code is used to separate different cell
Downlink: 262143 (2 181) scrambles, but only 8192

scrambles( from 0 to 8191) are adopted at present
The length of scrambling code is 38400 chips

PSC and SSC PSC 0
SSC 1

Set 0
SSC 15
DL Set 1
scramble
PSC
51116
Set 511
SSC
511161
1 PSC and 15 SSCs
in each set
8192 scrambles 512 sets SSC
5111615
Only primary scrambles are adopted at present

WCDMA Modulation
Functions of modulation
Different modulation methods corresponding to different

transmitting abilities in air interface
R99/R4: adopt QPSKDL max data rate is 2.7Mbps
HSDPA: adopt 16QAMDL max data rate is 14.4Mbps

WCDMA Transmit and Receive Technology
Diversity technologyovercome signal fading
Space diversity: the horizontal distance of two diversity

antennas is greater than 10 wavelength
Polarization diversity: the polarization direction of two

receiving antennas is orthogonal
Transmitting diversity: provide diversities for terminals
Receiving diversity: RAKE receiver

Spectrum Analysis of Spreading & Despreading
P(f) Spreading code
P(f)
f f
P(f)
Narrowband signal Broadband signal
f
Noise
Recovered signal Noise+Broadband signal

Signal
P(f) Combination P(f)
f Spreading code f

RAKE Receiver
1st path
2nd path Signal composer Composed signal

Front receiver
3rd path
Compute time-
delay evaluator delay and phase
deflexion
s(t) s(t)
t t

Near-far effect in CDMA
Received
power from
user A
A B
Received P() P() P()
power from
user B

Transmission
Received power Transmission power of user B
by NodeB power of user A P()
P()

Despreading The user B is submerged
The user A can communicate because of strong interference
successfully from user A
WCDMA Fast Power Control
Without power control With power control
The rate of power control can be up to1500 times per second, which is
faster than that of fading, thus, it can overcome shadow fading and fast
fading effectively
Decrease interference of system, and increase system capacity and
quality
Save power, and expand conversational time

Classification of Handover
Hard handover
Intra-frequency
hard handover
Inter-frequency
hard handover
Soft handover
Inter-system
Soft handover
handover
Softer handover

WCDMA HandoverSoft handover
Data UE
received/ N o GAP of communication
sent
Source BS Target BS
UE move time
Features
Peculiar in CDMA system, only happens among cells with the same frequency
Establish a radio link with target cell first, and then disconnect that with source
cell, thus, it can avoid communication gap
Soft handover occupies more system resource than hard handover
If two cells which are performing soft handover belong to the same NodeB,
maximum ratio combining can be performed in uplink, it is called softer handover

Softer Handover
When the two cells in soft handover belong to the

same NodeB, the handover is softer handover.
Softer handover has higher priority in handover
schemes because it has larger gain than soft
handover.

WCDMA HandoverHard Handover
Data UE
received/ GAP of communication
sent
Source BS Target BS
UE move time
Features
Disconnect the link of source cell first, and then establish a

new link with target cell
GAP of communication
Non-CDMA system can only perform hard handover

Application of Hard Handover in 3G
Intra-frequency hard handover
When inter-RNC SHO cant be executed or is not

allowed.
Inter-frequency hard handover
Needed in certain areas due to network planning

Load balance between frequencies
Inter-system handover
2G-3G smooth evolution

The finite coverage range of initial phase of 3G

4.1 Key Technologies
4.2 Radio Channels

Channel Classification
According to protocol structure, WCDMA channels can be classified as:
Logical channel: directly bear user data
Control channel
Traffic channel
Transport channel: services Physical layer provides for MAC layer
Dedicated channel
Common channel
Physical channel: the final embodiment of all kinds of information

transferred in air interface

Classification of Logical Channel
Broadcast Control Channel BCCH

Paging Control Channel PCCH
Dedicated Control Channel DCCH Control ChannelCCH
Common Control Channel CCCH
Dedicated Traffic Channel DTCH

Traffic ChannelTCH
Common Traffic Channel CTCH

Classification of Transport Channel
Dedicated Channel DCH
DCH includes uplink and downlink Dedicated transport

channel
Broadcast Channel BCH

Forward Access Channel FACH
Paging Channel PCH Common transport
channel
Random Access Channel RACH

Classification of Physical Channel
Physical channel includes uplink and downlink
Physical channel are defined by a specific carrier frequency ,
code( channellization code or scrambling code), phase, etc
Radio frame & slot
Data Data
Tslot = 2560 chips
Slot #0 Slot #1 Slot #i Slot #14
T = 10 ms, 38400chips

Functions of Physical Channel
Cell broadcast channels
P-CPICH Primary Common Pilot Channel
S-CPICH Secondary Common Pilot Channel
P-CCPCH- Primary Common Control Physical Channel

SCH Synchronous Channel
Paging channel
S-CCPCH Primary Common Control Physical Channel
PICH Paging Indicator Channel
Random access channel

Node B PRACH Physical Random Access Channel UE
AICH Acquisition Indicator Channel
Dedicated channel
DPDCH Dedicated Physical Data Channel
DPCCH Dedicated Physical Control Channel
High speed downlink shared channel

HS-SCCH High Speed Shared Control Channel
HS-PDSCH High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel

HS-DPCCH High Speed Dedicated Physical Control Channel

Functions of Common Physical Channel
SCH: used for cell search
Consists of P-SCH and S-SCH
CPICH: used for scrambling code identification
Consists of P-CPICH and S-CPICH
P-CPICH:
channellization code is Cch,256,0(fixed)
power-benchmark of other downlink physical channels
S-CPICH: mainly used in smart antenna
P-CCPCH: used to bear system information
Channellization code is Cch,256,1(fixed)
The channels above must be configured and each of them can
only be configured one in every cell

Functions of Common Physical Channel
S-CCPCH: used to carry the FACH and PCH
PICH:
used to carry the paging indicators ,
always associated with a S-CCPCH
PRACH: used to carry the RACH
15 access slots per two frames and they are spaced 5120 chips
apart
AICH: used to carry the acquisition indicators
always associated with a PRACH
The channels above must be configured in each cell

Functions of Dedicated Physical Channel
Uplink
DPDCH: used to carry the DCH transport channel

DPCCH: used to carry control information generated at Layer 1
I/Q code multiplexed within each radio frame
Downlink
within one downlink DPCH, dedicated data generated at Layer 2

and above
can be seen as a time multiplex of a downlink DPDCH and a
downlink DPCCH
Multicode transmission may be employed in the downlink
for example, the CCTrCH is mapped onto several parallel

downlink DPCHs using the same spreading factor

Functions of HSDPA Physical Channel
HS-PDSCH: bear traffic data, the maximum data rate of one

channel is 960Kbps
HS-SCCH: bear signaling of HS-PDSCH
HS-DPCCH: signaling transfer and power control
HSDPA maximum data rate: 960Kbps1514.4Mbps


Terms: RABRBRL
RABRadio Access Bearer
RBRadio Bearer
RLRadio Link
RAB
RB CN
UE RNC
RL
NodeB
UTRAN

Calling Procedure
Step 1
Network starts UE is turned on Step 3
Step 2
1.Initiate equipment 1.Cell selection Establish RRC connection
UE is called
2.System broadcasting 2.Location registration
3.Waiting for calling
Step 6 Step 6
Soft handover/ RAB/RB reconfig
hard handover
Step 5 Step 4
Step 6 Step 6 Establish Iu interface
Physical channel Transport channel RAB is established
signaling connection
reconfiguration reconfiguration
Step 8
Step 6 Step 6 Step 7 Waiting again
URA update Cell update Release RRC connection 1.Cell selection
2.Waiting for calling
Step 6
Switch with GSM

Cell Setup Procedure
NodeB RNC
NBAP_AUDIT_REQ
NBAP_AUDIT_RSP
NBAP_CELL_SETUP_REQ
NBAP_CELL_SETUP_RSP
NBAP_COMM_TRANSP_CH_SETUP_REQ
NBAP_COMM_TRANSP_CH_SETUP_RSP
NBAP_SYS_INFO_UPDATE_REQ
NBAP_SYS_INFO_UPDATE_RSP

Calling Procedure
WCDMA calling procedure mainly contains:
RRC connection establishment
Iu interface signaling connection establishment
Authentication optional
Security modeoptional
RAB establishment

RRC Connection Establishment (on DCH)
UE NodeB RNC
1.RRC Connect Setup Req
RRC RRC
2.RL Setup Req
NBAP NBAP
3.RL Setup Rsp
NBAP NBAP
4.AAL2 Setup Req
ALCAP ALCAP
5.AAL2 Setup Rsp
ALCAP ALCAP
6.DL Sync
FP FP
7.UL Sync
FP FP
8.RRC Connect Setup
RRC RRC
9.RRC Connect Setup Cmp
RRC RRC

Iu Interface Signaling Connection Establishment
UE NodeB RNC CN
Initial DT
RRC RRC
RANAP Initial UE MessageConnect Req RANAP

/SCCP /SCCP
Connect Confirm
SCCP SCCP
Iu interface signaling connection establishment means SCCP connection

establishment
In Iu interface, signaling of radio network layer report RANAP message and
NAS message, and NAS message in RANAP is embodied as Direct Transfer
message

RAB Establishment (1)
UE NodeB RNC CN
RAB Ass REQ
RANAP RANAP
AAL2 Setup REQ

RANAP RANAP
AAL2 Setup Rep

RANAP RANAP
RL Recfg Prep
NBAP NBAP
RL Recfg Ready
NBAP NBAP
AAL2 Setup Req
ALCAP ALCAP
AAL2 Setup Rsp
ALCAP ALCAP
DL Sync
FP FP
UL Sync
FP FP

RAB Establishment (2)
UE NodeB RNC CN
RB Setup
RRC RRC
RL Recfg Commit
NBAP NBAP
RB Setup complete
RRC RRC
RAB Ass Rsp

RANAP RANAP
RAB bears speech, data and multimedia services between UE and CN
RAB establishment procedure mainly consists of AAL2 PATH

establishment in Iu interface and Iub interface, and the radio resource
reconfiguration procedure of RAN and UE

Example: Called Procedure(1)
CN RNC NodeB UE
PAGING
RANAP RANAP
PAGING TYPE1
RRC RRC
RRC SETUP
INITIAL DIRECT TRANSFER

RRC RRC
INITIAL UE MESSAGE
RANAP RANAP
(Paging Response)
DIRECT TRANSFER
RANAP RANAP
(Set Up)
DOWNLINK DIRECT TRANSFER
RRC RRC
UPLINK DIRECT TRANSFER

RRC RRC
DIRECT TRANSFER
RANAP RANAP
(Call Confirm)

Example: Called Procedure(2)
CN RNC NodeB UE
RAB ASSIGNMENT
RANAP RANAP
REQ
RAB SETUP
RAB ASSIGNMENT
RANAP RANAP
RES
UPLINK DIRECT
RRC RRC
TRANSFER
DIRECT TRANSFER
RANAP RANAP
(Alerting)
UPLINK DIRECT
RRC RRC
TRANSFER
DIRECT TRANSFER
RANAP RANAP
(Connect)
DIRECT TRANSFER
RANAP RANAP
(Connect Acknowledge)
DOWNLINK DIRECT
RRC RRC
TRANSFER


6.1 Equipment Coding
6.2 Area Coding

MSISDN
CC NDC SN
National (significant)
Mobile number
Mobile station international
ISDN number
CCCountry Code, for example, China is 86
NDCNational Destination Code, for example, 135, 139 and so on
SNSubscriber Number
MSISDN common format:86-13X-H0 H1 H2 H3 ABCD

IMSI
Not more than 15 digits
3 digits 2 digits
MCC MNC MSIN

NMSI
IMSI
MCCMobile Country Code, China is 460

MNCMobile Network Code, for example, China mobile is 00 or 04
MSIN: the unique identification code of MS within one PLMN
NMSI: the unique identification code of MS within one country

IMEI
6 numbers 2 numbers 6 numbers 1 number
TAC FAC SNR SP
IMEI15 numbers
TACType Approval Code, distributed by Europe Type Authorize Centre
FACFinal Assembly Code, coded by manufacturer
SNRSerial Number, identifies every mobile equipment of TAC and FAC
sparestandby bit, when UE send information, it is set to be 0
For example: 35495000251505

TMSI
TMSI is a temporary identification distributed in VLR for the

sake of system security, uniquely responding to IMSI within
VLR
TMSI distribution rule:
Contains 4 bytes, is composed of 8 hexes, its structure can

be determined by operator according to local situation

MSC
CC NDC LSP
MSC number
Meanings of CC and NDC are the same with regulation of

MSISDN
LSPLocally Significant Part, determined by operator
VLR/SGSN/GGSN number is similar to MSC number

HLR Number
CC NDC H0 H1 H2 H3 0000
HLR number
Meanings of CC and NDC are the same with regulation of

MSISDN, but all the latter 4 bits are 0

PS Domain Numbering
Equipment address SGSN 10.136.20.15
APN:
www.huawei.com.mnc<MNC>.mcc<MCC>.gprs
APN network identification

APN operator identification

6.1 Equipment Coding
6.2 Area Coding

Area Definition
PLMN
MSC area Location Service cell

area area
SGSN area
Route
area
PLMN

PLMN ID
PLMN Identifier: used to uniquely identify a PLMN network

in the world
MCC MNC
PLMN ID
MCCMobile Country Code, say, China is 460
MNCMobile Network Code, say, China mobile is 00 or 04

LAI
By detecting LAI, MS/UE may perform Location Area Update
procedure
Speech service is paging as a unit of LA
MCC MNC LAC
Location Area Identification
MCC Mobile Country Code, say, China is 460
MNC Mobile Network Code, say, China mobile is 00 or 04
LAC Location Area Code, consists of 2 bytes (BCD code, hex)

0000 and FFFE cannot be adopted

RAI
By detecting RAI, MS/UE may perform Routing Area Update procedure
Packet service is paging as a unit of RA
MCC MNC LAC RAC
Routing Area Identification
MCC Mobile Country Code, say, China is 460

RACRouting Area Code, consists of 1 byte (BCD code, hex)

SAI
The Service Area Identifier is used to identify an area consisting of
one or more cells belonging to the same Location Area. Service Area
can be used for indicating the location of a UE to the CN
MCC MNC LAC SAC
Service Area Identifier
MCCMobile Country Code, say, China is 460

SACService Area Code, consists of 2 bytes (BCD code, hex)

Thank You
www.huawei.com

Wcdma Fundamental (Ran) Issue 1.0

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Wcdma Fundamental (Ran) Issue 1.0

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Internal

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 2

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 3

3G provides compositive services for both operators and subscribers

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 4

IMT-2000 is the general name of third generation mobile

The third generation mobile communication was first

Commercialization: around the year of 2000

Work band : around 2000MHz

The highest service rate :up to 2000Kbps

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 5

ITU IMT 2000 MSS

1885 MHz 2025 MHz 2110 MHz 2170 MHz

Europe GSM 1800 DECT UMTS MSS UMTS MSS

1805 MHz 1880 MHz 1980 MHz

cellular(1) cellular(2) cellular(2) 2025MHz

GSM FDD TDD FDD

Japan C PHS IMT A2000 MSS

1990 MHz 2165 MHz

1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 6

WCDMA frequency formula

frequency channel numbercentral frequency5

UL frequency channel number 96129888

DL frequency channel number : 1056210838

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 7

Increased capacity requirementssome systems such as D-

Developing rate of mobile communication: one decade one

Demands of high speed data service and multimedia service in

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 8

Voice service and video telephone

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 9

VOD Mobile TV Traffic monitoring

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 10

Online game Web browsing LCS

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 11

Data download Picture and tone Email transceiving

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 12

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 13

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 14

-20 Fast fading

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 15

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 16

Multiple access technology

Time division multiple access (TDMA)

Time division duplex (TDD)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 17

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 18

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 19

UE1 spreading UE1c1

UE2 spreading UE2c2

UE3 spreading UE3c3

c1c2c3 are orthogonal with each other

UE1c1 UE2c2 UE3c3

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 20

UE1 uses c1 to despread

UE2 uses c2 to despread, UE3 uses c3 to despread

in this way, they can get their own signal

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 21

High spectrum efficiency

More band occupancy

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 22