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VIRAL PATHOGENESIS
SOA-AIDS Amsterdam
23
A. Influenza
Properties:
Member of the Orthomyxovirus family
Enveloped RNA virus
Packaged into helical nucleocapsids
Antigenic variation & genetic exchange lead
to the appearance of new strains; requires
use of different vaccine combinations each
year
. Influenza
Symptoms & Complications of Influenza:
Respiratory Tract Symptoms
Fever
Neurological Complications:
Guillain-Barr Syndrome
Reyes Syndrome
B.Diseases Caused by the
Herpes Family
Properties of the Herpes Virus Family:
Large, enveloped DNA viruses
Icosahedral capsids ( regular polyhedron
with 20 identical equilateral triangular faces,
30 edges and 12 vertices.
DNA replicates in the nucleus of host cells
Cells may become permanently infected
Host chromosomes may be altered
Herpes infections associated with certain
cancers
Diseases Caused by the
Herpes Family
Herpes Simplex:
Two major strains
Type I: Oral Herpes
Short-incubation hepatitis
Viral Properties:
Picornavirus Family
Abdominal pain
Long-incubation hepatitis
Viral Hepatitis
Hepatitis B (cont.)
Viral properties:
Hepadnavirus family
Nucleocapsid consists of DNA surrounded by
hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg)-
HBcAg (core antigen) is a hepatitis B viral protein
The core is surrounded by a lipoprotein envelope
containing the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)
The virus has also been called the Dane particle
Large amounts of excess HBsAg are found in the
serum & may be detected serologically
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B infection occurs when liver cells become
infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV).
Viral hepatitis is the leading cause of liver cancer and
the most common reason for liver transplantation.
..Hepatitis B
.. Viral Hepatitis
Hepatitis B (cont.)
Transmission:
Contact with infected body fluids
Hepatitis B (cont.)
Treatment & prevention
Hepatitis B Immune Globulin-Hepatitis B
Immune Globulin- (IG) contains antibodies
that protect the body from hepatitis B.
Hepatitis B vaccination
.Viral Hepatitis
Hepatitis C:
Hepatitis C infects the liver.
It can lead to permanent liver damage, liver
cancer, and liver failure.
Enveloped virus of the Flavivirus family
Hepatitis E:
small nonenveloped RNA virus of the calcivirus
family
Transmission & symptoms similar to Hepatitis A
Cancers
Kaposis sarcoma (type of cancer)
Certain lymphomas
Kaposis sarcoma
Listeria
Salmonella
Mycoplasma
Many others
.Human Immunodeficiency
Virus
Symptoms & Secondary Infections Associated with AIDS
(cont.)
Fungal Secondary Infections
Candida and others
Cryptosporidium
Pneumocystis carinii
. Human Immunodeficiency
Virus
Symptoms & Secondary Infections Associated with AIDS
(cont.):
Viral Secondary Infections
Herpes simplex
Cytomegalovirus
Many others
Treatments
Inhibitors of DNA replication
Protease Inhibitors
E. Miscellaneous Viral
Diseases
Miscellaneous Pneumotrophic (viral diseases
involving respiratory tract) such as influenza and
common colds Viruses:
Rhinovirus
Adenovirus
Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Respiratory
syncytial virus (RSV), which causes infection of
the lungs and breathing passages, is a major
cause of respiratory illness in young children
.Miscellaneous Viral
Diseases
Miscellaneous Dermotrophic Viruses
Measles (Rubeola)
Rubella
Mumps
Fifth disease
Papilloma (HPV)
.. Miscellaneous Viral
Diseases
Miscellaneous Neurotrophic Viruses:
Poliomyelitis
Rabies
Arbovirus
Arenavirus (lymphocytic choriomeningitis)
Others..several
Top ten Infectious diseases
http://search.yahoo.com/search;_ylt=A0geu510a4tJ
JPoAS8VXNyoA?p=list+of+deadly+virus&y=Search
&fr=yfp-t-501-s
Bibliography
Microbiology, A clinical Approach -Danielle
Moszyk-Strelkauskas-Garland Science 2010
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_metho
d
https://files.kennesaw.edu/faculty/jhendrix/bio
2261/home.html
http://www.cdc.gov/cmv/