TRAINING OF TRAINERS

GURU PEMANDU MGMP SMA

MAPEL BAHASA INGGRIS

Lembaga Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan

(LPMP)
Jawa Tengah

Semarang, 21 22 Juni 2007

Let me introduce myself
Rudi Hartono, S.S., M.Pd.
Tasikmalaya,September 7, 1969
S-1 (English Linguistics-UNPAD
Bandung)
S-2 (English Education-UPI Bandung)
S3 (Linguistics: Translation Studies-
UNS/On going)
English Lecturer of UNNES Semarang
English Textbook Writer
One Wife and Two Children
Teaching & Traveling
E-mail:
rudi_fbsunnes@yahoo.com
 PENDALAMAN MATERI
1. TEXT TYPES
a. Listening
b. Speaking
c. Reading
d. Writing
2. LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS
a. Listening
b. Speaking
c. Reading
d. Writing
TEXT TYPES
Grade X (Smt 1) Grade X (Smt 2)
1. Recount 1. Narrative
2. Narrative 2. Descriptive
3. Procedure 3. News Item
Grade XI (Smt 1) Grade XI (Smt 2)
1. Report 1. Narrative
2. Narrative 2. Spoof
3. Analytical Exposition 3. Hortatory Exposition
Grade XII (Smt 1) Grade XII (Smt 2)
1. Narrative 1. Narrative
2. Explanation 2. Review
3. Discussion
Additional Lesson Materials
for Language Program
Grade XI (Smt 1)
1. Public Speaking:
Master of Ceremony
2. Show Presenter
(Host)
3. News Reader
Grade XII (Smt 1)
1. Public Speaking: Speech
2. Debate
3. Presentation
Grade XI (Smt 2)
1. English song
2. English Contemporary
poetry
3. Film
4. Contemporary Drama
5. Novel
6. Figurative Languages
Grade XII (Smt 2)
1. English song
2. Contemporary Poetry
3. Film
4. Contemporary Drama
LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS
(Grade X Semester 1)
Self introduction
Introducing others
Greetings
Invitation
Appointment
Expressing happiness
Sympathy
Giving instructions
LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS
(Grade X Semester 2)

Thanking
Appreciating
Congratulating
Surprising
Unbelieving
 LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS
(Grade XI Semester 1)
Asking comments/opinions
Giving comments/opinions
Expressing satisfactions
Expressing dissatisfactions
Giving advice
Warning
Expressing relief, pain,
and pleasure
 LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS
(Grade XI Semester 2)

Scolding
Expressing Annoyance
Expressing Anger
Asking for and Offering
Suggestions
Asking for and Offering
Recommendations
 LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS
(Grade XII Semester 1)

Accusing
Regretting
Asking and Offering
a Promise
Asking and Expressing
Wants, Hopes
and Wishes
 LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS
(Grade XII Semester 2)
Asking Plans
Asking Purposes
Predicting
Speculating
Criticizing
Persuading
Encouraging
Prohibiting
 Short Functional Texts
Letters
Listeners letters
Invitation cards
Announcements
Advertisements
Manual instructions
Editorials
Schedules
Contents
Tourism information
BASIC COMPETENCE
LISTENING
Memahami wacana transactional dan wacana interpersonal ringan, dan
monolog lisan yang berkenaan dengan jenis teks.

SPEAKING
Mengungkapkan nuansa makna dalam wacana transactional dan wacana
interpersonal ringan, dan monolog lisan yang berkenaan dengan jenis
teks.

READING
Memahami nuansa makna dan langkah-langkah pengembangan retorika
di dalam teks tertulis berdasarkan jenis teks.

WRITING
Mengungkapkan nuansa makna dengan langkah-langkah pengembangan
retorika yang benar di dalam teks tertulis berdasarkan jenis teks.
Listening
Transactional Dialog (Recorded):

Andy : Ben, did you buy any ice cream?

Benny : No. I only bought some bread, milk, and an apple.
Andy : Oh, okay. Ill buy the ice cream then.

What did Benny buy?

A. C.

B. D.
 Listening
Interpersonal Dialog (Recorded):
A: Hi, Ben. How are you?
B: Not bad. Thanks. And yourself?
A: Fine, thanks.
B: Good weather, isnt it?
A: Yes, better than last week.
B: I know. That was terrible, dont you think?
A: Indeed. I had never seen such heavy rain in my life.
B: Neither had I.
A: It was pouring!
B: It was, wasnt it?
A: The winds blew trees down. One of those trees fell on my neighbors car.
B: Thats too bad.
A: Yeah. Now if youll excuse me, Ive got a class to attend. See you.
B: See you. Bye.

This conversation is between:

a. Two close friends c. teacher and student
b. Two strangers d. news reader and listener
Listening
Monolog Report (Dictated/Recorded)
Snakes are reptiles. These cold-blooded creatures belong
to the same group as lizards. Snakes have no legs, but a
long time ago they had claws to help them slither along.
Snakes often sunbathe on rocks in the warm weather. This
is because snakes are cold-blooded and they need the
suns warmth to heat their body up. Most snakes live in the
country. Some types of snakes live in trees, some snakes
live in water, but most live on the ground in thick, long
grass and in old logs.

Snakes belong to the same group as

a. lizard
b. crabs
c. cold-blooded creatures
d. warm-blooded animals
Speaking
Factual questions:
Whats your first name?
What do you do in your spare time?
Do you like cooking?

Assigned dialog (in pairs)

You planned to play basketball last night, but no one could come because
of the heavy rain. Now make another plan to play basketball.

Interpersonal dialog

Monolog (describing a picture/photo, retelling a story)

Aspects of speaking test:

a. Grammar and vocabulary
b. Discourse management
c. Pronunciation
d. Interactive Communication
Reading
Reading Text
Snake are reptiles. These cold-blooded creatures belong to the same
group as lizards. Snakes have no legs, but a long time ago they had
claws to help them slither along. Snakes often sunbathe on rocks in
the warm weather. This is because snakes are cold-blooded and they
need the suns warmth to heat their body up. Most snakes live in the
country. Some types of snakes live in tress, some snakes live in water,
but most live on the ground in thick, long grass and in old logs.

The genre of the text is

a. Description
b. Explanation
c. Report
d. Exposition
The first sentence functions as
a. Identification
b. General classification
c. Description
d. Introduction
Writing
Writing short transactional texts:
Sahabat pena Anda di London bermaksud
mengunjungi Anda dalam liburan mendatang. Beri
petunjuk bagaimana ia bisa sampai di kota Anda
dengan mudah.

Writing one of genres (e.g. recount):

Tadi malam listrik di daerah Anda padam. Tiba-tiba,
Anda mendengar orang menggedor pintu dan Anda
ketakutan. Anda tidak mau membuka pintu sampai
orang tersebut pergi. Ceriterakan ini kepada teman
Anda.
ENGLISH TEXT TYPES

Lesson Materials
(Theory and Practice)
 Functions of Texts
Texts Functions
Spoof To retell a humorous twist
To retell events for the purpose of
Recount informing or entertaining
To classify and describe the
Report phenomena of our world.
Analytical To persuade the reader or listener
Exposition that something is in the case
To inform readers, listeners or
viewers about events of the day
News Item which are considered newsworthy
or important
 Functions of Texts
Texts Functions

To share with others an account of an

Anecdote
unusual or amusing incident
To amuse, entertain and to deal with
actual experience in different ways, I.e. to
Narrative
gain and hold the readers interest in a
story.
To describe how something is
Procedure accomplished through a sequence of
actions or steps
To describe a particular person, place or
Description
thing
To persuade the reader or listener that
Hortatory Exposition something should or should not be the
case
 Functions of Texts
Texts Functions
To explain the processes involved
in the formation or workings of
Explanation
natural or socio-cultural
phenomena
To present (at least) two points of
Discussion
view about an issue
To critique an art work or event for
Review
a public audience
To explain the processes involved
in the formation (evolution) of a
Commentary
socio-cultural phenomenon, as
though a natural phenomenon
 Schematic Structure of
Recounts

Orientation
Event 1
Event 2
Event 3
Re-orientation
 Linguistic Features of
Recount Text
Focus on specific participant
Use of material processes
Circumstances of time and place
Use of past tense
Focus on temporal sequences
 Linguistic Features of
Spoof Text

Focus on individual participants

Use of action verbs
Temporal Circumstances
Spatial circumstances
Use of past tense
 Schematic Structures of
Spoof Text

Orientation : sets the scene

Event(s) : tell what happened
Twist : provides the punch
line
 Schematic Structure of Reports

General Classification: tells what

the phenomenon under discussion
is.
Description: tells what the
phenomenon under discussion is
like in terms of parts (and their
functions), qualities, habits or
behaviors, if living; uses, if non-
natural
 Linguistic Features of
Report Text
Focus on Generic
Participants
Use Relational
Processes
Use of simple present
tense
No temporal
sequence
 Schematic Structure of
Narrative Text
Orientation
Evaluation
Complication
Resolution
Re-orientation
 Linguistic Features of
Narrative Text
Focus on specific and usually
individualized participants
Use of material processes
Use of relational processes
Use of temporal conjunction
Use of past tense
 Schematic Structure of
Procedure
1) Goal
2) Materials
3) Step 1
4) Step 2
5) Step 3
6) Step 4
7) Step 5
 Linguistic Features of
Procedure
Focus on generalized human
agents
Use of simple present tense, often
imperative
Use mainly of temporal
conjunction (or numbering to
indicate sequence
Use mainly of material processes
 Schematic Structure of
Descriptive Text
Identification:
Identifies
phenomenon to be
described
Description:
describes parts,
qualities,
characteristics
 Linguistic Features of
Descriptive Text
Focus on specific
participants
Use of attributive and
identifying processes
Frequent use of epithets and
classifiers in nominal groups
Use of simple present tense
 Schematic Structure
of News Item
Newsworthy Event(s):
recounts the event in
summary form
Background Events:
elaborate what
happened, to whom, in
what circumstances
Sources: comments
by participants in,
witnesses to and
authorities expert on
the event.
 Linguistic Features of a
News Item
Short, telegraphic information about
story captured in headline
Use of Material processes to retell
the event
Use of projecting verbal processes in
sources stage
Focus on circumstances
 Schematic Structure of
Analytical Exposition
Thesis
Position: introduces topic
and indicates writers
position
Preview: outlines the main
Arguments
Point: restates main
argument outlined in
preview
Elaboration: develops and
supports each
point/argument
Reiteration: restates
writers position
 Linguistic Features of a
Analytical Exposition
Focus on generic human and non-
human participants
Use of simple present tense
Use of relational processes
Use of internal conjunction to stage
argument
Reasoning through causal
conjunction or nominalization
 Schematic Structure
of Hortatory Exposition
Thesis:
announcement of
issue of concern
Arguments: reasons
for concern, leading
to recommendation
Recommendation:
statement of what
ought or ought not to
happen
 Linguistic Features of a
Hortatory Exposition
Focus on generic human and non- human
participants
Use of simple present tense
Use of mental processes: to state what writer
thinks or feels about issue e.g. realize, feel,
appreciate.
Use of material processes: to state what
happens e.g. drive, travel, spend, etc.
Use of relational processes: to state what is
or should be e.g. doesnt seem, is, are, etc.
 Schematic Structure of
Explanation Text
A general
statement to
position the
reader
A sequenced
explanation of
why or how
something occurs
 Linguistic Features of a
Explanation Text
Focus on generic, non-human participants
Use mainly of material and relational
processes
Use mainly of temporal and causal
circumstances and conjunctions
Use of simple present tense
Some use of passive voice to get theme right
 Schematic Structure of
Discussion
Issue:
- Statement
- Preview
Arguments for and
against or statements
of differing points of
view:
- Point
- Elaboration
Conclusion or
recommendations
 Linguistic Features of a
Discussion
Focus on generic human and generic non-
human participants
Use of mental processes: to state what
writer thinks or feels about issue e.g.
realize, feel, appreciate, etc.
Use of material processes: to state what
happens e.g. has produced, have
developed, to feed, etc.
Use of relational processes: to state what
is or should be e.g. is, could have, cause,
are.
 Schematic Structure of
Reviews
1) Orientation
2) Interpretative
recount
3) Evaluation
4) Evaluative
summation
Linguistic Features of an
Review Text
Focus on particular participants (on
movies, TV shows, plays, operas,
recordings, exhibitions, concerts and
ballets
Direct expression of opinions through
use of attitudinal lexis
Use of elaborating and extending
clause and group complexes to
package information
Use metaphorical language
Schematic Linguistic
Structure Dear Dewi, Features
On Saturday I went to Mount
Bromo. I stayed at Nisa and Specific
Orientation Achmads house at Cemara participant
Lawang, Probolinggo. It has a
big garden with lots of colourful
flowers and a fishpond. Material
On Sunday Nisa and I saw Process
Event 1
Gunung Batok and went on the
scenic ride on horseback. It
was scary. Then we went to get Circumstance
a closer look at the mountain. of time
Event 2 We took pictures of the
beautiful sceneries there. Temporal
On Monday we went to the Zoo sequence
at Wonokromo. We saw
cockatoos having a shower. In Circumstance
Reorientation the afternoon I went home. of place
It was fun.
Love, Past Tense
Dini

RECOUNT TEXT
 Schematic Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Linguistic
Structure Features
Once upon a time there lived a little girl named
Snow White, She lived with her Aunt and Uncle
Orientation because her parents were died.
Past Tense

One day she heard her Uncle and Aunt talking Temporal
Circumstance
about leaving Snow White in the castle because they
Major both wanted to go to America and they didnt have
Complication enough money to take Snow White. Specific
Snow White did not want her Uncle and Aunt participant
to do this so she decided it would be best if she ran
Resolution away. The next morning she ran away from home Mental process
when her Aunt and Uncle were having breakfast.
She ran away into the woods. Relational
Complication She was very tired and hungry. process
Then she saw this little cottage. She knocked
but no one answered so she went inside and fell Material
Resolution asleep. process
Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming
Complication home from work. They went inside. There they
found Snow White sleeping. Then Snow White woke Temporal
up. She saw the dwarfs. The dwarfs said, What is Conjunction
your name? Snow White said, My name is Snow
White. Temporal
Major Doc said, If you wish, you may live here with Conjunction
us. Snow White said, Oh could I? Thank you.
Resolution Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story Specific
and Snow White and the 7 dwarfs lived happily ever participant
after.
Language Functions

Lesson Materials
(Theory and Practice)
FORMS OF DIALOG
Transactional dialog
Interpersonal dialog
 TRANSACTIONAL DIALOG

Andy : Ben, did you buy any ice cream?

Benny : No. I only bought some bread, milk,
and an apple.
Andy : Oh, okay. Ill buy the ice cream
then.
 Interpersonal Dialog
A: Hi, Ben. How are you?
B: Not bad. Thanks. And yourself?
A: Fine, thanks.
B: Good weather, isnt it?
A: Yes, better than last week.
B: I know. That was terrible, dont you think?
A: Indeed. I had never seen such heavy rain in my life.
B: Neither had I.
A: It was pouring!
B: It was, isnt it?
A: The winds blew trees down. One of those trees fell on my neighbors
car.
B: Thats too bad.
A: Yeah. Now if youll excuse me, Ive got a class to attend. See you.
B: See you. Bye.
Greetings
Dialog 1:
Anny : Hi, Dave.
David : Hello, Ann.
Anny : How are you today?
David : Fine thanks. How is everything?
Anny : Good, thanks

Dialog 2:
Masduki : Good morning, Mr. Hartono?
Mr. Hartono : Good morning.
Masduki : How are you this morning?
Mr. Hartono : Just fine, thank you.
Introducing people

Fred : Tom, this is my brother, Ronald.

Tom : Hello.
Ronald : Nice to meet you.
Tom : Nice meeting you, too.
Dini : Excuse me, are you Helen Smith?
Helen : Thats right.
Bill : Excuse me, are you Frederick?
Hilmi : No, I am not. Im Nur Hilmi.
Inviting Someone
Toni : Jaka, are you free on Sunday morning?
Jaka : Yes, Toni. I have nothing to do.
Toto : I was wondering if youd like to come to a
forum meeting to celebrate the Earth Day.
Jaka : Sounds great.
Toto : And after the meeting we are going to
save our earth.
Jaka : What do you mean, Toto?
Toto : Just picking up the rubbish, cleaning the
wastes and other litters.
Jaka : Thats a very useful thing to do.
Thats OK.
Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction
Fera : Morning, Tuti
Tuti : Morning, Fera.
Fera : Hows everything today?
Tuti : Its okay, but .
Fera : What the matter, Tuti. Are you not satisfied with reading that story?
Tuti : Yeah. Im a little dissatisfied with this story. The story makes me
sleepy.
Fera : Do you have any complaints?
Wati : I dont like the story. It is a lousy story.
Fera : What are you complaining about?
Wati : Im a bit disappointed with the main character of the story.
The story is also a sad ending story.
Fera : Oh, I see.
But dont worry, Wati. Be happy please. Its just a story.
You can read other stories that can make you happy.
Wati : Yes, thats good idea. Thanks for your suggestion, Fera.
Fera : Youre welcome. By the way, I must go now, Wati
See you tomorrow at school.
Wati : See you.
Asking and Giving Comments
Rudi : Jimmy, have you heard about our schools plan to ban the cellular phones
in the school?
Jimmy: Yeah
Rudi : What do you think about it?
Jimmy: Well, I think thats fair enough. I agree with banning it.
Rudi : Why do you think so?
Jimmy: You see, cellular phone has caused so much trouble in our class.
Remember yesterdays English class? Our teacher got very angry because he was
interrupted by cellular phones ringing many times. This may happen again and
again.
Rudi : Oh, thats terrible.
Jimmy: Another thing is cellular phone has caused bad effects,
Students send SMS only for dating and gossiping their friends.
They often keep forbidden photos.
Rudi : What do you mean?
Jimmy: You know some of them see the pornography on the cellular phone display
downloaded from internet.
Rudi : Oh, thats too bad.
Jimmy: So, its a good idea if the school doesnt allow students to use their hand phone in
the school.
Rudi : Your comments have been very helpful.
Jimmy: Thanks.
Predicting and Speculating
Andi : Hi, Susi.
Susi : Hello, Andi.
Andi : Susi, do you feel that the wind blows fast.
Susi : Yes, I do. And its too cold today.
Andi : I was predicted that a big storm will come.
Susi : How do you know that?
Andi : I heard the forecast from the radio. The scientist predicted that the
weather would turn next month.
Susi : What does it mean?
Andi : The following month our country would be in the bad weather.
Susi : Really? Or it is just a speculation, Andi.
Andi : I do not know exactly. It is not a speculation I think, because they
did a research how to predict the weather. And it is not a
speculation because all give logic reasons.
Susi : But I dont believe it.
Andi : Yes, it depends on. By the way, I must go now. Bye, Susi.
Susi : Bye, Andi, See you later.