Biogas From Livestock

Waste
Grup:2
Ahmad Bustomi
Rosmawati
Yuki Diens S.
INTRODUCTION
CATTLE MANURE
Livestock manure has many
kinds of characteristics that
can be produced for biogas.
One grouping of manure
based on C / N ratio
contained in the feces of
the miscellaneous livestock.
Here is the content ratio of the element carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in
some cattle manure waste that will be on the show in Table 1.
Source: Wahyu 2010 in Febriyanita 2015

Table 1. Content of C / N ratio of Several Organic

Materials

Materials C / N ratio C/N ratio is better for making biogas is dirt that
Duck manure 8 have C/N ratio of about 25 -30 (Putri, 2014). C/N
Chicken manure 10 ratio is one of the requirements for biogas
Stools goat 12 fermentation process (Mubtadi et al, 2012).
Pig manure 18
Dirt sheep 19
Dirt buffalo / cow 24
Number of Biogas Produced from Livestock Manure
Biogas can be produced from various cattle dung in different quantities,
depending on the Rasio C / N and heavy quantity of miscellaneous
cattle dung it. Here the is data amount of biogas from dung droppings
Animal potential in biogas production will be shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Potential to Produce Biogas Stools Source: (Mubtadi et al, 2012)

Stools Type Gas Production Per Kg.

dirt (m3)
Cattle 0.023 to 0.40
Pigs 0.040-0.059
Chicken 0.065-0.116
Number of Methane Produced from Livestock Manure

Table 3. Biogas content

Component Value (%)
CH4 50-70
CO2 30-40
Source: True et al., 2009
H2 5-10
The others In the number of
bit

The content of methane obtained from livestock manure is

approximately 54-70% of the constituent components of biogas.
(Febriyanita 2015).
 Biogas is a product produced from the
anaerobic degradation of organic matter in
environment without air by anaerobic bacteria
(Yamliha et al, 2013). The composition of the
gas produced from the anaerobic degradation
of organic material varies depending on the
feedstock used and the efficiency of the
process of formation of biogas. In general, the
composition of biogas can be seen in Table 3.
Biogas produces major components in
the form of methane gas as a fuel that has a
sufficiently high calorific value, approximately
4800 kcal/m3. Methane is the simplest
hydrocarbon. Methane is odorless, colorless
with molecular formula CH4. The process of
burning methane produces a relatively large
energy, because one cubic meter of methane
gas equivalent to the energy produced LPG gas
0.48 (Hamidi, et al, 2011). Methane in the
biogas generated by the decomposition of
various organic compounds.
Production of Biogas

Fig. 3 Degradation steps of

anaerobic digestion
process.
Operating Parameters
1. PH
2. C/N ratio
3. Volatile fatty acids
4. Alkalinity
5. Temperature
CONCLUSION
Biogas is an alternative energy which is a product of the anaerobic
degradation of organic material in airless environment by anaerobic
bacteria.
Biogas production process consists of four stages namely Hydrolysis
(fermentation), Asidogenesis, acetogenesis and Metagnogenesis. The
composition of the gas produced from the anaerobic degradation of
organic material varies depending on the feedstock used and the
efficiency of the process of formation of biogas.
Biogas produces major components in the form of methane gas as a
fuel has a calorific value high enough, around 4800 kcal / m3.
CONCLUSION
The energy contained in biogas is determined by the content or
concentration of methane. The higher content of methane, biogas
calorific value and the energy generated is greater. C/N ratio is one of
the requirements for biogas fermentation process, C/N ratio better to
create biogas which has a C/N ratio of about 25 -30, according to
Table 1.
The ratio of C/N on dirt Buffalo/cow reaches 24 almost close to the
value of C/N ratio was good to be used as biogas. Some other factors
that can affect biogas products include pH, volatile fatty acids,
alkalinity and temperature.
CONCLUSION
Processing manure into biogas
has the dual advantage that
methane gas produced can be
used as fuel, reduce
environmental pollution,
generate solid organic fertilizer
and liquid organic fertilizer, and
more importantly, the
processing of livestock manure
into biogas can reduce
dependence on fuel oil
consumption earth that can not
be renewed.
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