MUSCLES AND

LIGAMENT OF FOOT
FOOT ORTHOTICS
GROUP II

1. Andita Putri
2. Andi Johan Prayoga
3. Eka Anggraini
4. Luthpia Nurul Islami
5. Padma Vidya Gayatri
 1st layer
muscles of
the foot
The plantar aponeurosis
and fascia are reflected or
removed, and a section is
removed from the flexor
digitorum brevis muscle to
show fibrous tissue
encasing it.
 Nerve
Muscle Origin Insertion Action
Supply

Medial Flexes and

tuberosity Base of abducts big
Medial
Abductor of proximal toe, braces
plantar
hallucis calcaneum phalax of medial
nerve
and flexor big toe longitudinal
retinaculum arch

1st layer
Four
tendons to
four lateral Flexes

Flexor
Medial
toe inserted
into borders Medial
lateral four
toes,braces muscles of
the foot
turbcle of of middle plantar medial and
digitorum
calcaneum phalanx, nerve lateral
tendons of longitudinal
flexor arches
digitorum
longus

Flexes and
Medial and Base of
Lateral abducts fifth
lateral proximal
Abductor plantar toe; braces
tubercles of phalanx of
digitiminimi nerve lateral
calcaneum fifth toe
longitudinal
arch
 2nd layer
muscles of
the foot

The flexor digitorum longus

muscle crosses superficial to the
tibialis posterior to the medial
mallelous and superficial to the
flexor hallucis longs muscle at the
tuberosity of the navicular bone.
The four lumbrical muscles pass to
the hallux (great toe) side of the
toes.
 2nd layer muscles of the foot
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action

flexor accessorius aids long flexor

medial and lateral tendons flexor
(quadratus lateral plantar nerve tendon to flex
sides of calcaneum digitorum longus
plantae) lateral four toes
flexes distal
phalanges of lateral
base of distal
flexor digitorum four toes; plantar
shaft of tibia phalanx of lateral tibial nerve
longus tendon flexes foot;
four toes
supports
longitudinal arch
1st lumbrical from
medial plantar;
dorsal extensor extends toes at
tendons of flexor remainder
lumbricals expansion of lateral interphalangeal
digitorum longus lumbricals from
four toes joints
deep branch of
lateral plantar nerve
flexes distal phalanx
of big toe; plantar
flexor hallucis base of distal
shaft of fibula tibial nerve flexes foot;
longus phalanx of big toe
supports medial
longitudinal arch
 3rd layer
muscles of the
foot

Of the first layer, the abductor digiti

minimi and abductor hallucis muscles
are pulled aside and the flexor
digitorum brevis muscle is cut short.
Of the second layer, the flexor
digitorum longus and lumbrical
muscles are excised and the quadratus
plantae muscle is cut
 3rd layer muscles of the foot
Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action

flexes
cuboid, lateral medial & lateral
metatarsophalange
flexor hallucis cuneiform bones; sides of base of medial plantar
al joint of big toe;
brevis tibialis posterior proximal phalanx of nerve
supports medial
insertion big toe
longitudinal arch

bases of 2nd, 3rd & lateral side base of flexes big toe,
adductor hallucis deep branch of
4th metatarsal proximal phalanx supports transverse
(oblique head) lateral plantar
bones big toe arch

lateral side of base flexes big toe;

adductor hallucis deep branch of
plantar ligaments of proximal phalanx supports transverse
(transverse head) lateral plantar nerve
big toe arch

lateral side of base

flexor digiti minimi base of 5th superior branch of
of proximal phalanx flexes little toe
brevis metatarsal bone lateral plantar nerve
of big toe
 4th layer
muscles of
the foot
The muscles of this layer are the
three plantar and four dorsal
interossei in the anterior half of
the foot, and the tendons of
fibularis (peroneus) longus and of
tibialis posterior in the posterior
half;
Of the first three layers, the
abductor and flexor brevis
muscles of the fifth toe and the
abductor and flexor brevis
muscles of the big toe remain for
purposes of orientation;
 4th layer Nerve
muscles of
Muscle Origin Insertion Action
Supply

the foot
abduct toes
with 2nd toe
bases of as the
adjacent phalanges reference;
dorsal sides of and dorsal lateral flex
interossei (4) metatarsal expansion of plantar nerve metatarsoph
bones correspondin alangeal
g toes joints; extend
interphalang
eal joint
adduct toes
with 2nd toe
bases of
as reference;
3rd, 4th, and phalanges &
flex
plantar 5th dorsal lateral
metatarsoph
interossei (3) metatarsal expansion of plantar nerve
alangeal
bones correspondin
joints; extend
g toes
interphalang
eal joints
Ligaments of
the foot
 Lisfranc Ligaments
The Lisfranc ligaments stabilize the small
Ligaments bones of the mid-foot, as well as the
of the Foot transverse tarsal joint.
They are stronger across the plantar of the
foot than on the dorsal aspect, though they
are very strong in either case.

The Inter-Metatarsal Ligaments The Joint Capsule of the Big Toe

These ligaments run between the
The connective tissue of this ligament
metatarsal bones at the base of the
takes the form of a capsule.
toes.
They connect the neck region of each It goes from the inner portion of the first
metatarsal to the one next to it metatarsal head and stretches to the
distal phalanx on the inside.
This keeps the metatarsals moving in
sync. This allows this ligament to stabilize the
great toe on the inside.
Ligaments The Cervical Ligament

of the Also known as the subtalar ligament,

this ligament connects the calcaneous
Subtalar to the talus in front of the subtalar joint.

Joint It keeps the calcaneous in place relative

to the subtalar joint, so the two bones
do not move completely independently
of one another.
 Ligaments
The Anterior Talo-Fibular Ligament
Known as the ankle sprain ligament
Stabilizing Runs down from the fibula and to the outer front
the Ankle portion of the ankle

Joint This ligament functions to stabilize the ankle joint

and keeps it from inner rotation too much
The Calcaneo-Fibular Ligament
Posterior Talo-Fibular Ligament
The calcaneo-fibular ligament is almost
the baby brother of the anterior talo- Runs from the back lower part of the
fibular ligament. fibula and into the outer back portion of
the calcaneous.
It starts at the tip of the fibula and runs
along the outside of the ankle, into the This ligament functions to stabilize the
calcaneous. ankle joint and subtalar joint.
The Deltoid Ligament
Runs from the medial malleolus (the bottom portion
of the tibia) and down into the talus and calcaneous.
This ligament is extremely strong and stabilizes the
inside of the ankle
 Reference
http://www.footeducation.com/foot-and-ankle-basics/foot-and-
ankle-anatomy/ligaments-of-foot-and-ankle/ligaments-of-foot-and-
ankle-overview/
http://www.wesnorman.com/tableofmuscles.htm