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Theological Method
Book IV
Rhetoric can be used to convince people of falsehood;
Christian preacher should first of all be concerned to preach
the truth
By reading and studying Christian literature outside of
canon, preacher can learn how to preach
The wisdom of what a person says is in direct proportion to
his progress in learning the holy Scriptures and I am not
speaking of intensive reading or memorization, but real
understanding and careful investigation of their meaning.
(IV.v)
Before preaching, the preacher should lift his soul to God
The benefit of preaching is effected by God
Styles of preaching
Against the Foundational Epistle
of Mani
Three Parts
Prima Pars, Ia
Secunda Pars, itself in two parts, Iae IIa and IIae IIa
Terce Pars, IIIa
Each part divided into questions, each question into articles
(also phrased as a question)
Each article divided into
Specific Objections
On the Contrary
I answer that
Specific replies to objections
Read Ia Q1 a1-a10, http://www.newadvent.org/summa/1001.htm
Things to Notice in Lombard
Four Books
I. Knowledge of God the Creator
II. Knowledge of God the Redeemer
III. The Grace of Christ
IV. The Holy Catholic Church
Books are divided into Chapters
Read I.7, http://www.ccel.org/ccel/calvin/institutes.iii.viii.html
Things to Note in Institutes
Scientific revolution
Empiricism becomes only valid method of knowing
Historical critical method an attempt to apply
scientific historical analysis to Scripture
Past interpretations all historically conditioned, and may not
be valid for modernity
Essence of Christianity found in historical Gospels, not later
doctrinal developments
Only valid interpretative method because it is scientific
Pope Leo XIII Aeterni Patris
Published 2006
A personal (not ex cathedra) meditation on Jesus
and Gospels
Compare methods with De Doctrina Christiana
What is meaning/significance that this is personal
and not papal?
Note that Augustine is not explicitly referenced in
preface. But are there Augustinian influences?
Should we are readers of Benedict XVI assume because of
other things he has written?
Reading Assignment
Augustine,
On Christian Teaching, Books II and III
Against the Foundational Epistle of Mani, Ch 1-6
Peter Lombard, Sentences, Book I, Distinction 1, available at
http://www.franciscan-archive.org/lombardus/opera/ls1-01.html
Aquinas, ST Ia, 1,1; http://www.newadvent.org/summa/1001.htm (skim)
Luther, Against the Scholastics (skim)
Calvin, Institutes I.7, http://www.ccel.org/ccel/calvin/institutes.iii.viii.html
Leo XIII, Aeterni Patris (skim)
http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/leo_xiii/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-
xiii_enc_04081879_aeterni-patris_en.html
Joseph Ratzinger, Jesus of Nazareth, Forward, New York: Doubleday, 2007. pp
xi-xxiv.
Possible Paper Themes:
Role of Church in theological method
How Lombard and Calvin use Augustine