Tutorial Problem: Single-stub tuning circuit

A load impedance ZL = 100 + j80 is connected to a 50- transmission line. Insert a

shunt shorted stub tuning circuit for the matching purpose and use the Smith Chart
to find the two possible solutions for the distance d and the length of the stub l.

Hints:
1. The input impedance looking towards the load
changes when the d is moving towards
the generator;
2. The shorted stub contributes a pure
reactance (purely imaginary number)
on the transmission line.
Why? How about open stub?
(Ans: Open stub still only has a purely imaginary number).
Steps:
1. Find and mark the normalised load impedance (zL) on the Smith Chart;
2. Convert zL to the normalised load
admittance (yL) and mark it:

yL is away from zL on the Smith Chart.
4
Why using admittance, not impedance?
zL
(Ans: it is a shunt stub, to ease the calculation)

zL = = 2 + j1.6 (dim);
0
1
yL = = 0.3 j0.24 (dim).

normalised conductance susceptance yL
(g) (b)
3. Find the distance d, so that the normalised input admittance seen to the load
from that distance is y(d) = 1jA:
The two intersections of the red (g=1) and d1 stop

green (SWR) circle.

Two possible solutions (read the y(d1)

rotated wavelength on the WTG scale):

d1
d1 = 0.21 for y(d1)= 1+j1.3;
zL
d2 = 0.37 for y(d2)= 1-j1.3.

Towards generator d2

yL
Start
y(d2)

d2 stop
4. Compute the length of the short stub, so that the contributed normalised
suscpetance is j1.3: +j1.3 l2 stop
Hint: find the point where y = (shorted
stub), and then move this point towards
generator until it reaches j1.3: y(d1)
l1 = 0.1 for j1.3; d1
l2 = 0.4 for +j1.3. zL
5. Therefore, the two possible solutions are:
d1 = 0.21 l1= 0.1; y=
d2 = 0.37 l2= 0.4. d2 start
6. Question: if using an open stub for yL

matching? y(d2)

Ans: The d remains the same, but the l

will change because z= (y=0) for open stub,
so need to rotate from the left side end. -j1.3 l1 stop