SUPPORTING DETAILS

S Statistic
A Anecdotes
E Examples
R Reasons
A - Authority
 Statistics a fact or piece of data
from a study of a large quantity of
numerical data.

People start smoking for a variety of

reasons. Statistics show that about 9
out of 10 tobacco users start before
they are 18 years old.
 Anecdotes a short and amusing
or interesting account, which may
depict a real incident or person.

Another disadvantages of using social

media networking sites such as Facebook
and Twitter is that they can be very
addictive. Recently I met a friend who just
could not stop checking her Twitter updates
every minute even during our very rushed
lunch date.
 Examples A number of things ,
or a part of something, taken to
show the character of the whole.

The use of regular acupuncture

treatments can be beneficial in various
ways. One obvious examples would be
treating acupuncture points at the
various sites of the muscles and
tendons to prevent injuries that cause
a decrease in the training schedule.
 Reasons A cause, explanation,
justification for an action or
event.

One of the unique challenges for

space explorers is the fact that space
is a vacuum, which is a risk for various
reasons. First, in a vacuum there is no
atmosphere and therefore no air
pressure. Without air pressure, the
human body has no oxygen to sustain
itself.
 Authority the right conferred by
recognized social position.

One of the benefits of TV is its function

as a source of information. TV can
function as a source of information
because it does not only offer
entertainment programs but also
educational programs. A recent study
by the Pew Internet and American Life
projects confirms that TV is still the
most important source of national news
and information for Americans.
 CONCLUDING SENTENCE

i restate the main idea of the paragraph

using different words.

ii change the sentence of the topic sentence

by using different words or different structure.

iii using words and phrases such as

therefore, thus, as mentioned before , or in
conclusion.
 UNITY WITHIN A PARAGRAPH

Topic sentence

Supporting details

Concluding sentences
 A. Time order
When writing a story or an event.
Organize events according to the time
Using first, second, third, next

B. Space order
When describing a place ( positions or
locations)
Use left, right, at the centre, back to front
and etc.
 C. Order of Importance
Organise ideas or points based on merits and
order of importance.
Determine the most important points or
details.
Use signal words such as first, second, third,
moreover, most importantly, finally and etc.