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Introduction
Working principle of lathe:
The lathe is a machine tool which holds the work piece between two rigid
and strong supports called centres or in a chuck or face plate which
revolves. The cutting tool is rigidly held and supported in a tool post which
is fed against the revolving work.
Specification of lathe:
Classification of Lathe
Speed Lathe
a)wood cutting lathe b)centering lathe
c)polishing lathe d)spinning lathe
Engine Lathe
a)belt driven lathe b)individual motor drive lathe
c)gear head drive lathe
Bench Lathe
Tool room Lathe
Capsten & Turret Lathe
Automatic Lathe
Special purpose Lathe
a)wheel lathe b)gap-bed lathe
c)t-lathe d)duplicating lathe
Speed lathe
Lathe centers
Three jaws chuck Four jaws chuck
Collet chucks
Magnetic chuck
Lathe dog
Angle plates
Face plate
Mandrel
Tool Holding Devices
Turret
The engine lathe is an accurate and versatile machine on which many
operations can be performed. These operations are:
Capstan and Turret lathes
The turret head is mounted on the ram and the ram is The turret head is directly mounted on the saddle and
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mounted on the saddle. the saddle slides over the bed ways
As the construction of lathe is not rigid, heavy cut As the construction of lathe is rigid, heavy cut can be
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cannot be given given
It is used for machining work pieces up to 60mm It is used for machining work pieces up to 200mm
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diameter diameter
10 Collet is used to hold the work piece Jaw chuck is used to hold the work piece
Automatic Lathe
A lathe in which the work piece is automatically fed and removed without
use of an operator. Cutting operations are automatically controlled by a
sequencer of some form.
The general purpose single spindle automatic lathes are widely used for
quantity or mass production (by machining) of high quality fasteners; bolts,
screws, studs etc., bushings, pins, shafts, rollers, handles and similar small
metallic parts from long bars or tubes of regular section and also often from
separate small blanks. Unlike the semiautomatic lathes, single spindle automats
are :
Preferably and essentially used for larger volume of production i.e., large lot
production and mass production used always for producing jobs of rod, tubular or
ring type and of relatively smaller size.
Provided with up to five radial tool slides which are moved by cams mounted on
a cam shaft of relatively smaller size and power but have higher spindle speeds.
Multi spindle automatic lathe: