Process by which

one or more
substances are
changed into one
or more
substances.
Absorbs
more
energy than
it releases.
Releases
more
energy than
it absorbs.
Rate of
energy.
Plants absorb
heat energy from
sunlight to
convert carbon
dioxide and
water into
glucose and
oxygen.
Heat energy
is absorbed
from the
pan to cook
the egg
.
The burning of
carbon-containing
compounds uses
oxygen, from air,
and produces
carbon dioxide,
water, and lots of
heat.
 In any chemical reaction, chemical bonds are either
broken or formed. And the rule of thumb is "When
chemical bonds are formed, heat is released, and
when chemical bonds are broken, heat is absorbed."
Molecules inherently want to stay together, so
formation of chemical bonds between molecules
requires less energy as compared to breaking bonds
between molecules, which requires more energy and
results in heat being absorbed from the
surroundings.
So if the sum of the enthalpies of
the reactants is greater than the
products, thereaction will
be exothermic. If the products
side has a larger enthalpy,
the reaction is endothermic.
 I. Using the mole ratios in item #1 -4. Determine the number of moles of each
product that could be formed given the following reactants.
II. Calculate the energy in kJ for each reaction based on the given chemical
reaction.
III. Indicate whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic. Write positive
sign (+) for endothermic reaction and negative sign (-) for exothermic reaction on
the amount of energy in kJ.
IV. Describe the states of reactants and products in each of the following
equations for #1-4. The states of reactants and products such as solid, liquid or gas
based on the given equations.
 Following Directions:
1. 2KClO3 (s) --------- 2KCl (s) + 3O2(g) + 78kJ
2. CaCO3 (s) + 178 kJ ------- CaO(s) + CO2 (g)
3. NH4 NO3 (s) ----------- N2O (g) + 2H2O(g) + 36kJ
4. N2 (g) + 3H2(g) ---------2NH3 (g) + 92.0 kJ

Chemical Reaction
1. Reaction #1 with 16.00 mol KClO3
2. Reaction #2 with 6.00 mol CaCO3
3. Reaction #3 with 7.00 mol NH4NO3
4. Reaction #4 with 9.00 mol H2
 Suppose you wanted to develop a product for
warming peoples hands at outdoor winter events.
Would you choose an exothermic reaction or an
endothermic reaction to use in your device? Why?