A Turbine is a device which converts the heat energy of steam into the

kinetic energy & then to rotational energy.

A steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy from
pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating
output shaft.
The basic cycle for the steam turbine power plant is the Rankine cycle.
The modern Power plant uses the Rankine cycle modified to include
superheating, regenerative feed water heating & reheating.

DESCRIPTION
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PROCESS A-B: ISENTROPIC/ADIABATIC COMPRESSION PROCESS
FEED WATER TO BOILER IS PRESSURIED TO BOILER

PROCESS B-C: CONSTANT PRESSURE PROCESS

FEED WATER HEATED UPTO SATURATION TEMP T1 CALLED
SENSIBLE HEATING POINT C IS INTERMEDIATE POINT OF
STEAM GENERATION

PROCESS C-D: CONSTANT PRESSURE & TEMPERATURE PROCESS

FEED WATER IS VAPOURISED CALLED LANTENT HEAT OF
VAPOURISATION POINT D IS STEAM IS DRY & SATURATED.

PROCESS D-E: ISENTROPIC/ADIABATIC EXPANSION PROCESS

EXPANSION OF STEAM TO VACCUM

PROCESS E-A: CONSTANT PRESSURE & TEMPERATURE PROCESS

REJECTION OF HEAT TO CONDENSOR TO CONDENSE THE STEAM. DESCRIPTION
AT POINT D, STEAM IS DRY & SATURATED. HAMZA ASMAT
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 IMPULSE TURBINE
Impulse turbines have a series of buckets mounted on a
wheel. A jet of fluid directed at the buckets turns the wheel
turns to generate power.
REACTION TURBINE
A reaction turbine has channels formed in the top surface of
a disc to create nozzles. The channels can be covered by a
membrane sealed to the disc or by the housing extended
from a combustor.

DESCRIPTION
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The present invention relates to a high efficiency turbine capable of
operating on low quality fuels. This turbine is a hybrid of the two
main types of existing turbines: reaction and impulse.

DESCRIPTION
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 In an impulse and reaction turbine, the
combination of a drum of approximately equal
diameter throughout its length.
A stepped casing in which said drum rotates, a
series of impulse-blades carried by said drum and
casing, a series of reaction-blades also carried by
said drum and casing and forming a continuation
of the impulse-blades and a further series of
reaction-blades oppositely to the first series.

DESCRIPTION
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 A reaction turbine has channels formed in the top
surface of a disc to create nozzles.
The channels can be covered by a membrane sealed to
the disc or by the housing extended from a combustor.
Each channel may have a first section extending
radially outwardly from an inlet of the reaction turbine
and a second curved section extending from the first
section to a periphery of the disc.
A reaction turbine may also receive input from an
impulse turbine. Fluid flows through the impulse
turbine and fluid from the impulse turbine enters an
inlet of the reaction turbine. DESCRIPTION
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 The reaction turbine may have cooling
channels and cooling fins to lower the
temperature of the disc during operation.
In addition, magnets may provide bearing
support and electricity generation.
In addition, the reaction turbine may have a
dual shaft construction, with each shaft
connected to a reaction turbine.
One reaction turbine powers a compressor,
while the second reaction turbine powers a DESCRIPTION
load through the second shaft. HAMZA ASMAT
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DESCRIPTION
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 Steam turbine
US 2823891 A (US PATENT)
Encyclopedia Britannica (1931-02-11)
Reaction turbine and hybrid impulse reaction turbine
US 9255478 B2 (US PATENT)
Reaction turbine and hybrid impulse reaction turbine
US 20130101393 A1 (US PATENT)
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach (Yunus A.
engel, Michael A. Boles) (GOOGLE BOOKS)
A Stodola (1927) Steam and Gas Turbines. McGraw-Hill.
(GOOGLE BOOKS)
US813169 Combined impulse and reaction turbine (US
PATENT)
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