ABOUT NTPC

NTPC is the largest power generating company in india, was

set up in 1975 to accelerate power development in the country.

NTPC has installed capacity of (29,394MW).

NTPC has 15 coal based power stations (23,395MW).

NTPC has 7 gas based power stations (3,955MW).

NTPC has 4 power stations in joint ventures (1,794MW).

Today NTPC contributes more than 3/5th of the total power

generation in india.

In 1997 , Government of india granted NTPC status of

 ABOUT NTPC, DADRI

It has energy generating capacity by

-coal based thermal plant is 1820 MW .
-gas based thermal plant is 817 MW.

It has 6 units of coal based thermal plant .

-4 units are of 210 MW & 2 units are of 490 MW
capacity.

It has 6 units of gas based thermal plant .

-4 units are of 130 MW & 2 units are of 154 MW

Grand Total capacity is 2637 MW.

 SOURCES
COAL SOURCE
- Piparwara mines , Jharkhand

WATER SOURCE
- Upper Ganga Canal, Mat Branch

GAS SOURCE
- HBJ Pipe line
 OPERATION OF
THERMALPOWER PLANT
 OPERATION MECHANISM

The coal is brought and crushed to powder. This is feed to boiler for producing
heat .
In Boiler the water is converted to steam.
In super heater the moisture content is removed from the steam and that steam
is called super heated steam.
The superheated steam rotates the shaft of the High pressure turbine.
The exhausted steam is sent to preheater and the steam then rotates the
intermediate pressure (IP) turbine.
The steam from the IP Turbine is then feed to low pressure turbine.
The turbine shaft is connected to the Generator, which produceselectric Power.
The power generated is then transmitted .
 MAIN AND AUXILIARY
EQUIPMENT
Coal handling plant
Pulverizing plant
Boiler
Superheater
Turbine
Generator
Condenser
Cooling tower and pounds
Feed water heater
Economizer and Reheater
Air preheater
Switchyard
Ash handling plant
 COAL HANDLING PLANT

The function of coal handling

plant is automatic feeding of coal
to the boiler furnace.
A thermal power plant burns
enormous amounts of coal.
A 200MW plant may require
around 2000 tons of coal daily
following are the process of plant-
:
1. Unloading process
2. Feeding process
3. Screening process
4. Crushing process
5. Stacking process
6. Reclaiming process
7. Bunkering process
 BOILER
A boiler or steam generator is
a closed vessel to which water
under pressure, is converted
into steam.

It is one of the major

components of a thermal
power plant.

Always designed to absorb

maximum amount of heat
released in the process of
combustion.
 SUPER HEATER

A device which moves last

traces of moisture.

It helps in reduction in
requirement of steam quantity.

Steam being dry reduces the

mechanical resistance of
turbine.

No corrosion at the Turbine

blades.
 TURBINE
A steam turbine converts heat energy
of steam into mechanical energy and
drives the generator.
It uses the principle that steam when
issuing from a small opening attains a
high velocity.

This velocity attained during

expansion depends on the initial and
final heat content of the steam.

This difference b/w initial and final

heat content represents the heat
energy converted into kinetic energy.

These are of two types :-

1. Impulse turbine
2. Reaction turbine
 GENERATOR

The Synchronus Generator is used to generate power by connecting the

shaft of the Turbine to the shaft of the generator which create the
magnetic flux producing Emf.

The generated voltage will generally 33 KV to 11 KV max.

the generated Voltage is stepped up by connecting Step up transformer
and is also used for auxilliary purpose.
 CONDENSER
Which condenses the steam
at the exhaust of turbine.

It creates a very low

pressure at the exhaust of
turbine, this helps in
converting heat energy of
steam into mechanical
energy in the prime mover.

The condensed steam can

be used as feed water to the
boiler.
 COOLING TOWER
Remove heat from the water
discharged from the condenser
so that the water can be
discharged to the river or re
circulated and reused.

Air can be circulated in the

cooling towers through natural
draft and mechanical draft.
 SWITCHYARD

A switchyard is a part of an
electrical generation,
transmission system.

Switchyard transform voltage

from high to low or the reverse,
or perform any of several other
important functions
 EQUIPMENTS IN
SWITCHYARD
1. BUS BAR

OUTDOOR EQUIPMENTS
2. LIGHTENING ARRESTER
3. BREAKER
4. CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
5. EARTHING ROD
6. CURRENT TRANSFORMER
7. POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER

INDOOR EQUIPMENTS
1. RELAYS
2. CONTROL PANNEL
3. CIRCUIT BREAKERS
 ASH HANDLING PLANT
The percentage of ash in coal varies
from 5% in good quality coal to about
40% in poor quality coal Power plants
generally use poor quality of coal .

thus amount of ash produced by

it is pretty large .

A modern 2000MW plant produces

about 5000 tons of ash daily.

The stations use some conveyor

arrangement to carry ash to dump
sites directly or for carrying and
loading it to trucks and wagons
which transport it to the site of
disposal
 UTILISATION OF SECONDARY
RAW MATERIAL (ASH)
Construction of embankments and fills

Construction of road in sub-base

Manufacture of cement

Manufacture of bricks/blocks

Filling as flowable fill material

Agriculture as soil amendment/source of essential plant

nutrients
 ADVANTAGES

The fuel used is quite cheap.

Less initial cost as compared to other generating plants.
It can be installed at any place irrespective of the
existence of coal.

The coal can be easily transported to the site

It require less space as compared to Hydro power plants.
Cost of generation is less than that of diesel power
plants.
 DISADVANTAGES

It pollutes the atmosphere due to production of large amount

of smoke and fumes.

It is costlier in running cost as compared to Hydro electric

plants.

Maintenance cost is more.