Dormita

(Melatonin)

Melatonin and Sleep Latency

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Sleep Quality (Melatonin)

Sleep quality is defined as ones satisfaction of the sleep

experience, integrating aspects of sleep initiation, sleep
maintenance, sleep quantity, and refreshment upon
awakening.
For someone with problems initiating sleep, the sleep onset
period may be the strongest determinant of sleep quality.
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Good Sleep Quality (Melatonin)

Good sleep quality is associated with a wide range of

positive outcomes such as:
Better health
Less daytime sleepiness
Greater wellbeing
Better psychological functioning

The Subjective Meaning of Sleep Quality: A Comparison of Individuals with

and without Insomnia; SLEEP 2008;31(3):383-393.
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Sleep Latency* (Melatonin)

This is the duration of time between when the lights

are turned off as the patient attempts to sleep, until
the time patient actually falls asleep, as evidenced
by EEG and behavioral parameters changes
consistent with sleep.

*aka, sleep onset latency

The Subjective Meaning of Sleep Quality: A Comparison of Individuals with

and without Insomnia; SLEEP 2008;31(3):383-393.
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Melatonin (Melatonin)

Melatonin is the natural hormone the body secretes that

helps to maintain the wake-sleep cycle (also called biological
clock). The wake-sleep cycle is the process of sleep and
wakefulness; in humans this averages 8 hours of nighttime
sleep and 16 hours of daytime activity.
Melatonin is also made synthetically
and available without a prescription
as an over-the-counter (OTC) dietary
supplement in the U.S. and other
countries.

https://www.drugs.com/melatonin.html [Cited: 1-Jun-17]

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Melatonin Synthesis: Pineal Gland (Melatonin)

In vertebrates, the pineal

gland synthesizes melatonin in
a circadian fashion, with
nighttime darkness being a
requirement for maximal
production; because of this,
melatonin is referred to as the
chemical expression of
darkness.

Melatonin: Exceeding Expectations

Russel J. Reiter, Dun Xian Tan, Annia Galano
Physiology Published 1 September 2014 Vol. 29 no. 5, 325-
333 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00011.2014
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Melatonin Synthesis: Pineal Gland (Melatonin)

Fig. Schematic presentation of the

stimulation (darkness) and
inhibition (light) of melatonin
secretion from pineal gland
involving the neural pathway
originating in retina and passing
through suprachiasmatic nucleus
(SCN), the main circadian
oscillator in the brain, to reach
pinealocytes via adrenergic nerves
and adrenergic receptors at the
cell membrane. The structure of
melatonin secreted by pineal
gland.

S. J. KONTUREK1, P. C. KONTUREK2, T. BRZOZOWSKI1, G. A. BUBENIK3

ROLE OF MELATONIN IN UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
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Melatonin and Sleep (Melatonin)

Numerous laboratory studies under stringent

conditions clearly demonstrate that
administration of melatonin acutely affects
sleep in humans*.

*Melatonin also affects thermoregulation

Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 2003, Vol. 15, 432437
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Effects of Exogenous Melatonin (Melatonin)

Exogenous melatonin exerts effects on the

main characteristics of human sleep (i.e. slow
waves, sleep spindles, sleep latency and sleep
consolidation).

Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 2003, Vol. 15, 432437

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Effects of Exogenous Melatonin (Melatonin)

Exogenous melatonin elicits all the physiological effects which

occur in the evening during endogenous melatonin secretion.
Exogenous melatonin elicits time-dependent soporific effects
(sleep inducing), which have been corroborated with
electrophysiological measures of sleepiness such as
electroencephalographic theta activity during wakefulness.

Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 2003, Vol. 15, 432437

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Fig. Relationship of Plasma Melatonin & Sleep
(Melatonin)
Phase relationships between the circadian
rhythms of plasma melatonin and sleep
consolidation.

Decrease in wake episodes

The daily circadian increase in

melatonin secretion coincides
with a decrease in wake episodes
Increase in plasma melatonin
during scheduled sleep episodes.
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Melatonin: Soporific effect & thermoregulation
(Melatonin)

The soporific effect (Sleep inducing) is

paralleled by a time and dose dependent
hypothermic action, mediated by an increase
in heat loss.

Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 2003, Vol. 15, 432437

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Clinical analysis (Melatonin)

In an experiment where when blocking this natural evening

increase in heat loss, subjective sleepiness, and melatonin
secretion by light exposure, it showed that:

Melatonin replacement acutely recovered the

evening increase in heat loss, subjective sleepiness
and also theta activity in the waking EEG.

Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 2003, Vol. 15, 432437

 Clinical Analysis: Dormita
Melatonin and sleep propensity (Melatonin)

This suggested a causal relationship between

melatonin and sleepiness, probably mediated by
thermoregulatory mechanisms.
The onset of melatonin secretion might contribute to
the rise in sleepiness and sleep propensity that occurs
in the evening.

Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 2003, Vol. 15, 432437

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Melatonin & EEG activity (Melatonin)

Quantitative analysis of the sleep EEG revealed that

melatonin*, given shortly before a daytime sleep
episode, suppresses low EEG components and
increases EEG activity in the sleep-spindle
frequency range.

Similar changes in the sleep EEG spectra occur in sleep during the
melatonin secretory phase (biological night) when compared with sleep
occurring outside the melatonin secretory phase (biological day).

*Melatonin 5mg dose

Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 2003, Vol. 15, 432437
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Short Sleep latency (Melatonin)

The most consistent effect found in the

studies was that sleep latency was shorter
after melatonin, even at rather low doses.

Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 2003, Vol. 15, 432437

Meta-analysis 1: Effect of exogenous melatonin Dormita
on sleep (1996-2003) (Melatonin)
17 clinical studies (284 subjects)
Aim: The effect of melatonin on sleep was demonstrated.
Outcome measures: Sleep onset latency, total sleep duration, and sleep efficiency.
Effect Size: The difference between the response on placebo and the mean response on melatonin for
each outcome was measured.
Results:
On Melatonin treatment:
All patients:
Reduced sleep onset latency by 4.0 min (95% CI 2.5, 5.4);
Increased sleep efficiency by 2.2% (95% CI 0.2, 4.2),
Increased total sleep duration by 12.8 min (95% CI 2.9, 22.8).
In people with no relevant medical condition other than
insomnia:
Reduced sleep onset latency 3.9 min (95% CI (2.5, 5.4));
sleep efficiency increased to 3.1% (95% CI (0.7, 5.5));
sleep duration increased to 13.7 min (95% CI (3.1, 24.3)).

Effects of exogenous melatonin on sleep: a meta-analysis Brzezinski, Amnon et al. Sleep

(2005)Medicine Reviews , Volume 9 , Issue 1 , 41 - 50
Meta-analysis 1: Effect of exogenous melatonin Dormita
on sleep (1996-2003) (Melatonin)

Effects of exogenous melatonin on sleep: a meta-analysis Brzezinski, Amnon et al. Sleep

(2005)Medicine Reviews , Volume 9 , Issue 1 , 41 - 50
Meta-Analysis 2: Melatonin for the Treatment of Primary Dormita
Sleep Disorders (2001-2010) (Melatonin)

Nineteen studies involving 1683 subjects

Overall sleep quality was significantly improved in subjects
taking melatonin compared to placebo.

Efficacy parameters weighted mean CI; p value

difference (WMD)
Reduction of Sleep 7.06 minutes 95%; <0.001
Latency
Increase in total 8.25 minutes 95%; 0.013
sleep time

This meta-analysis demonstrates that melatonin decreases sleep

onset latency, increases total sleep time and improves overall
sleep quality. The effects of melatonin on sleep are modest but do
not appear to dissipate with continued melatonin use.
Ferracioli-Oda, E., Qawasmi, A., & Bloch, M. H. (2013). Meta-Analysis: Melatonin for the
Treatment of Primary Sleep Disorders. PLoS ONE, 8(5), e63773.
http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063773
Meta-Analysis 2: Melatonin for the Treatment of Primary Dormita
Sleep Disorders (2001-2010) (Melatonin)
FIG. EFFICACY OF MELATONIN IN SLEEP LATENCY

Ferracioli-Oda, E., Qawasmi, A., & Bloch, M. H. (2013). Meta-Analysis: Melatonin for the
Treatment of Primary Sleep Disorders. PLoS ONE, 8(5), e63773.
http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063773
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Dormita Description (Melatonin)

Dormita is a food supplement that contains

active Melatonin

Ingredients:
Hop cone Extract 31.25mg
Lemon Balm leaf Extract 150mg
Melatonin 1mg

Prescribing information Dormita 2017

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Hop Cone Extract (Melatonin)

Hop cones have long been used for medicinal

purposes. In particular, hop preparations were
mainly recommended for the treatment of
sleeping disorders.

Platelets. 2011;22(5):345-52. doi: 10.3109/09537104.2010.549597.

Epub 2011 Feb 25.
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Lemon Balm Leaf (Melatonin)

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), a member of the

mint family, is considered a calming herb. It was used
as far back as the Middle Ages to reduce stress and
anxiety, promote sleep and other uses*.
Melissa officinalis L. has been shown as an anti-
stress and anxiolytic agent.

*improve appetite, and ease pain and discomfort from indigestion (including
gas and bloating, as well as colic

Cases, Julien et al. Pilot Trial of Melissa Officinalis L. Leaf Extract in the Treatment of Volunteers Suffering from Mild-to-Moderate Anxiety Disorders
and Sleep Disturbances. Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 4.3 (2011): 211218. PMC. Web. 1 June 2017.
http://www.umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/herb/lemon-balm
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Use & Instructions (Melatonin)

Dormita contributes to the reduction of time

taken to fall asleep.

Adults: 1 tablet 2 hours before sleeping.

Swallow tablet with a glass of water.

Prescribing information Dormita 2017

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Contraindications (Melatonin)

Never take Dormita if you have allergy to any

of its ingredients.

Prescribing information Dormita 2017

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Warning & Precautions (Melatonin)

Do not exceed stated dose

Supplements are not substitute for balanced diet
Unsuitable for children, teenagers, pregnancy and breastfeeding women
Should not be used during pregnancy and breast feeding
If pregnancy occurs during its use, discuss with your doctor regarding
continuing treatment
Do not drive or operate machinery after use

Prescribing information Dormita 2017

Drugs.com/melatonin
 Dormita
(Melatonin)
 Dormita
(Melatonin)

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