TQM PRINCIPLES AND

PHILOSOPHY
 STAGES IN TQM IMPLEMENTATION

o FIRST STAGE Exhibits a common situation in many organization. In this

stage, there are few people who constantly work (achievers), represented
by arrows. While there are several others who relax by doing very minimal
work, represented by dots.

o SECOND STAGE In this stage none of the employees are relaxing. But
there is no single focus for the organization. Every achiever performs in their
own way.

o THIRD STAGE In this stage all the arrows are pointing towards the same
direction. It indicates that there is a common goal for the institution and
every individual is motivated to focus on the same goal.
STAGES IN TQM IMPLEMENTATION (CONTD.)

o FOURTH STAGE This stage exhibits the effect of people working

towards a common goal. As the employees are working as a team the
productivity has increased.

o Motivation and empowerment is the key issue to reach stage II

from stage I. Generation of a vision statement is important to
reach stage III. Being motivated, empowered and focused
towards the vision when the members of the organization will
work together as a team they will reach stage IV.
STAGES IN TQM IMPLEMENTATION (CONTD.)

Stage IV

Team Work
Stage III

Common
Vision
Stage II

Empowerment
Stage I
 TQM TRANSITION MODEL

Vision

P1 P3

Customer
focus

Continuous improvement Involvement of all

P2
TQM TRANSITION MODEL (CONTD.)

o P1, PLANNING PROCESS

o Strategic planning
o Bench marking
o Short term prospective

o P2, DOING PROCESS

o Preventive mechanism

o Quality index

o Scientific method

o P3, CHECKING PROCESS

o Evaluation

o Performance appraisal

o Administrative audit
INTEGRATED TQM MODEL
Management
Leadership

Customer
focus

Product / Process Human Resource

Excellence Excellence
INTEGRATED TQM MODEL (CONTD.)

o Management leadership incorporates -

o Proper vision
o 100% commitment from management
o Motivation to employees
o Strategic planning

o Product / process excellence reflects -

o Continuous improvement
o Preventive measures
o Documentation
o Data based approach

o Human resource excellence -

o Training, team building
o Information flow / communication
o Cross functional style