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S and ES

The verb that is present in the simple present tense should


use the suffix s when the subject has He, She, It.

Ex:
1. He cleans the room very well.
2. She speaks Spanish fluently.
3. Your voice sounds good.
4. It looks grea

So, when you use the simple present tense and in the sentence
are the subject he, she, or it, then use the suffix s.
Verb ending by the letter O, add the letter E
before S.

example:
1. Do: does
2. Echo: echoes
3. Go: goes
form of a verb ending by CH, S, SH, X, and Z,
please add the ice at the end of the word.
example:
1. Pass: passes
2. Push: pushes
3. Watch: watches
4. Fix: fixes
5. Buzz: buzzes
SPELLING FINAL S, -ES
Sing >> sings
Song >> songs
Wash >> washes
Class >> classes
Box >> boxes
Baby >> babyes
Cry >> cries
What is Subject-Verb
Agreement?
Subject-verb agreement means your subject and
verb must match, or agree, in number.
If you have a singular subject, then you must use a singular
verb.
The dog barks at every sound he hears.
If you have a plural subject, then you must use a plural
verb.
The dogs bark at every sound they hear.
Subject-Verb Agreement
It is important to know how your singular and
plural subjects and verbs are formed!
For your subject, which is a noun
The singular form does not end in an s
The dog barks at every sound it hears.
The plural form ends in an s
The dogs bark at every sound they hear.
For your verb
The singular form ends in an s
The dog barks at every sound it hears.
The plural form does not end in an s
The dogs bark at every sound they hear.
S-V Agreement
Trouble Spots
1. The verb is a form of be, have, or do.
2. Words or phrases come between the subject &
the verb.
3. There is a compound subject.
4. The subject is an indefinite pronoun.
5. The verb comes before the subject.
6. The subject is a collective noun.
1. The Verb is a form of be, have, or
do.
Make sure a linking verb agrees with its
subject, not with the word or phrase that
describes the subject.
Incorrect: The worst backyard pest are squirrels.
Correct: The worst backyard pest is squirrels.
2. Words or phrases come
between the subject & verb.
Prepositional Phrases
Incorrect: The number of students have remained
consistent.
Correct: The number of students has remained
consistent.
Relative Clauses
Incorrect: The dog who likes to chase my cats have
run away.
Correct: The dog who likes to chase my cats has run
away.
3. There is a compound subject
joined by and, or, nor.
If joined by and, then subjects are combined and become
plural, so verb must also be plural.
Incorrect: Jack and Jill walks up the hill.
Correct: Jack and Jill walk up the hill.
If joined by or /nor, then the subjects are not combined,
so the verb must agree with whichever subject is closest
to it.
Either the microphone or the speakers are broken.
Either the speakers or the microphone is broken.
Neither the teacher nor the students want to stay late.
Neither the students nor the teacher wants to stay late.
4. The subject is an indefinite
pronoun.
What is an indefinite pronoun?
A pronoun that does not replace a specific person, place, or thing; it is
general (i.e. someone, anyone, everyone, each, every, some, all).
Most indefinite pronouns are either always singular or always
plural.
Beware: indefinite pronouns are often followed by a prepositional
phrase or dependent clause.
Incorrect: Each of my classes are difficult in some way.
Correct: Each of my classes is difficult in some way.
5. The verb comes before the
subject.
Sentences that ask a question.
Is the book in the library?
Turn the sentence into a statement.
The book is in the library.
Sentences that begin with Here or There.
Here is your textbook.
There are three more exams scheduled for this
class.
Turn the sentence around.
Your textbook is here.
Three more exams are scheduled for this class.
6. The subject is a collective
noun.
What is a collective noun?
A collective noun names a group (i.e. family,
team, committee).
Most collective nouns refer to a group
acting as one unit; therefore, they are
treated as singular and must have a
singular verb.
The family rides bikes together each day.
The team practices every Saturday.
4. subject-verb agreement : using
there + be
Subject-Verb Agreement: there is,
there are
There is a bird in the sky.
There are two birds in the sky.

The structure of there is/there are is very


simple:
Verb be subject

There is singular subject

There are plural subject


Notice that normal word order (subject-verb) is
reversed or inverted (verb-subject). The word there is
not the subject. It is important to identify the subject
and make sure that the verb agrees with it.
. singular
there verb be not subject
+ There is still a problem.

There 's some milk in the


fridge.
- There is n't any money in the
bank.

there Verb be not Singu;lar


subject
? Is there a G in
"Bangkok
"?
Here are examples with plural subject and plural
verb:
plural
there verb be not subject

There are two boys in the


garden.
+
There are many questions to
answer.

_ There are n't any students in class.

? Are there any taxis waiting?


Notice that we can use the there is/are construction
in other tenses, and the same agreement is needed,

1. There were lots of people at the party.


2. There have been complaints about you recently.
3. There will have been lots of people at the party
so you'll need to tidy the room in the morning.
or example:
There is with singular subject series

We use there is before a series of singular subjects. Look at


these examples:

There is fruit, bread and wine on the table.


There's a cup of coffee and some sugar on the table.
There's a red car and a blue car outside.
The phrase "fruit, bread and wine" refers to three things, so
why do we use the singular there is? The reason is ellipsis
(where we cut out words that are repeated). So...

There is fruit, bread and wine on the table.


really means
There is fruit, there is bread and there is wine on the table.
There is/are with mixed subject series
Sometimes we have a series of subjects that are
mixed - singular and plural. In informal speech,
the verb then agrees with the nearest subject.
Look at these examples:
1. There's a girl and two boys outside.
2. There are two boys and a girl outside.
3. There's some wine and two apples on the
table.
4. There are two apples and some wine on the
table.
There is/are + lots of
Do we use there is or there are with lots of or a lot of? It
depends on the noun: if it is singular, usethere is; if it is
plural, use there are:

There are lots of dogs in the street.


There's a lot of snow outside.
Note that in everyday English, many people
use there's with a plural subject:
There's two boys in the garden.
There's two boys and a girl outside.
There's a lot of dogs in the street.
This is increasingly common in British and American
English, but it is not recommended in formal situations.
Subject-Verb Agreement with There Is/There Are

This grammar error has been spreading over the past few
years like germs at a nursery school. Is (theres, of course,
means there is) is a singular verb; why would it be paired
with a plural noun (ways) after it? There are only one
reason (see how ridiculous that sounds?)I mean,
there is only one reason: confusion with subject-verb
agreement.
If you use there is (or the abbreviation theres), then there
had better be a singular noun after it. There is a way to
save money. Here, is is singular, and way is singular. If you
use there are, then there should be a plural noun after it.
There are other ways to save money when buying a car.
Here, are is plural, and ways is plural.
I actually saw a Web site that said that in informal speech, there is is
being used with plural nouns. Im always shocked and dismayed when I
find a popular source perpetuating grammar errors. People may be
using there is with plural nouns, but whether its informal conversation
or formal writing, its always wrong. Subject-verb agreement is just
thatsubject-verbagreement, not disagreement. Just because people
are doing it doesnt mean that its correct.
Here are some other examples of there is/there are use.
Theres a lot of reasons to be optimistic. (incorrect)
There are a lot of reasons. (correct)
Theres two sides to every story. (incorrect)
There are two sides.(correct)
Theres several storms arriving in the West. (incorrect)
There are several storms arriving in the West. (correct)
Theres not options out there that they like at the moment. (I actually
heard this one on ESPN.) (incorrect)
There arent options. (correct)
5. Subject verb agreement : some
irregulerities
Subject Agreement : Some Irregularities
Singular verb
The United States is big It a proper noun is changed to a pronoun, is singular

The Philippines consists of many islands United States ( I can be replaced to it

The United Nations has its headquarters in N.Y

Sears is a department store.


The new is interesting News ( noun) is singular
Mathematics is easy for her Fields of study ending in ics require singular verb
Diabetes is a illness Illnesses with end -s are singular

( measles, mumps and so forth ).


Eight hours of sleep is enough Time, money and distance situations require a singular
verb
Ten dollars is too much to pay

Five thousands miles is to far to travel


Two and two is four Arithmetic expressions uses a singular verb agreement.

Two and two equals four

Two plus two is /equals four

Five times five is twenty-five


Plural Verb
Those people are from Canada People , police are plural
nouns for that reason ,they
The police have been called
require plural noun.
Cattle are domestic animals
Singular Verb Plural

English is spoken in many The English drink tea. Singular verb : English
countries means
The Chinese have interesting
Chinese is his native language history l anguage

Plural verb: THE English, it

refers to people from that

English is spoken in many country.


countries The poor have many problems. Some adjectives when are
Chinese is his native language preceded byTHE and used as a
plural noun, they used plural
verb

Example : the elderly , the


young etc .
Thank you................

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