ANGGORO K / 151214097 It may vary across languages English Akan & French - Oral and nasal vowels are allophones of one - They represent distinct phoneme phonemes Aspirated and unaspirated voiceless stops occur in English and Thai, but they function differently in the two languages
[paa] forest [phaa] to split
[tam] to pound [tham] to do [kat] to bite [khat] to interrupt
In English, they have distinctive feature, while in Thai they have
distinctive feature. The phonetic facts alone do not reveal what is distinctive or phonemic The phonetic representation of utterances shows what speakers know about the pronunciation of sounds. The phonemic representation of utterances shows what speakers know about the patterning of sounds. Vowel Vowel length are non-phonemic in English Vowel length are phonemic in Korean
il day i:l work
seda to count se:da strong kul oyster ku:l tunnel Consonant Consonant length are non-phonemic in English Consonant length are phonemic in Italian
Nono ninth non:o grandfather
Natural classes of speech sounds Natural class is a group of sounds described by a small number of distinctive features such as [- voiced], [-continuant] which described /p/, /t/, /k/, /t/. The relationship among phonological rules and natural classes illustrate why segment are to be regarded as bundles of features. Relationship between phonological rules and natural classes 1. Nasalize vowels before p, i or z as to have a rule such as 2. Nasalize vowels before m, n, or
Rule one doesnt have phonetic explanation, rule two does.
Rule one cannot be described, rule two can be described. Features Obstruents Nasals Liquids Glides Vowels Consonantal + + + - - Sonorant - + + + + Syllabic - +/- +/- - + Nasal - + - - +/- Feature Specifications for American English Consonants and Vowels Features i I e u o a