WATER SUPPLY

CONTENTS..

1) AIM & OBJECTIVE

2) IMPORTANCE OF WATER

3) WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS

4) REQUIREMENTS OF WATER STORAGE

5) WATER TREATMENT

6) QUANTITY OF WATER REQUIRED

7) HOT WATER SUPPLY

8) FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS

AIM & OBJECTIVE
Water Storage should meet peak flow requirements, equalize
system pressures, and provide emergency water supply.
The water supply system must provide flows of water sufficient
in quantity to meet all points of demand in the distribution
system.
 IMPORTANCE OF WATER IN HOSPITALS
Hospitals require water supply at an average of 400 liters per bed per
day. This includes cold water, hot water, soft water, distilled water and
ultrapure water for medical purposes.

It is also required for cooling systems of equipment, steam generation,

fire fighting, plants and gardening.

If not tested for quality and not treated adequately, water can be a
dangerous source of both the chemical pollutants as well as coli form
and other bacteria, and can be a serious health hazard to staff as well
as the patients.

Water requirement for specialized purposes such as dialysis, OT and

Path lab is to be of the specified purity levels (ultrapure water) and
need to be provided from RO water plant or distillation plant.
ADDITIONAL MEASURES TO ENSURE SAFE WATER QUALITY
ARE:
i. Keeping the water tanks (overhead as well as underground) tightly
closed and locked to make them dust proof, insect proof and inaccessible
to birds and animals
ii. Periodic cleaning of the tanks as per a planned schedule (every two
months)
iii. Ensuring that there is no leakage in the distribution system

WATER SUPPLY
Separate reserve emergency overhead tank shall be provided for
operation theatre.
Hot water supply to wards and departments of the general hospital
shall be provided by means of electric storage type water heaters or
centralised hot water system of capacity depending upon the need of
hot water consumption.
Filtered and soft water supply is needed in pathology laboratories and
shall be supplied as required.
Cold water supply is needed for processing tanks in film developing
room and shall be supplied as required.
 Hot water system means a system designed to heat and deliver
water at a temperature of at least 60C at each outlet point.

Warm water system means a system designed to heat and deliver

water of less than 60C at each outlet point.

Warm and cold water installations (i.e. those where warm and cold
water is supplied through either separate taps and a common outlet
or a single lever mixer) must be provided for patient baths, patient
showers and patient hand basins and for staff hand basins in any
areas through which a patient might pass

Cold water only installations may be provided for low level hand
basins at toddler height and (as an alternative to hot and cold
installations) for hand basins in public areas
GENERAL REQUREMENTS OF WATER STORAGE TANKS

Corrosion protection
Spill protection
Overfill protection
Release Detection
RAINWATER HARVESTING

Rainwater is harvested from rooftops for use by the patient

attendants and the staff.
Pipelines have been laid from terraces and rainwater is collected at a
pit where it is put into the ground to improve the water table of the
nearby area.
It is used only as a supplement for washing utensils and clothing, no
purification process done, additional use is as soft water for the
sterilizers.
HOSPITAL COOLING TOWER WATER TREATMENT

Cooling tower water requires extensive treatment. During Cooling

Tower water treatment, three main factors must be controlled.
1.Corrosion of pipes and heat exchanger units.
2.Scaling in pipes and (mainly) in heat exchangers.
3.Microbial growth (bacteria algae).
These three aspects cannot
be viewed separately.
Conventional treatment
techniques are mainly
applications of chemical
biocides, corrosion
inhibitors and scale
inhibitors. Ozone is a reliable
alternative that controls the
above-mentioned factors
sufficiently.
 HOT WATER SUPPLY

Hot water is supplied through the central distribution system & is

usually generated using oil fired hot water(HSD) generators.
The temperature of water ranges between 55 deg C & stored in an
insulated, closed pressure hot water mixing tank.
The ideal location for boilers, mixing tank & associated pumps &
equipment is either the pump room or a separate room adjoining
it.
The exhaust flue gas from the hot water boiler should be taken
above the building as per statutory regulations & discharged into
the atmosphere.
The complete hot water system should be distributed to various
utility outlets using insulated G.I Pipes.
To eliminate wastage & get immediate hot water when tap is
turned on, a hot water circulation pump may be necessary.
The Hot water pressure in the Pipeline should be maintained in the
same way as in the cold water supply line by connecting the hot
water supply to hydropneumatic system.