MALAVIYA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY JAIPUR

FLUID COKING
Submitted to
Dr. Shiv Om Meena Presented by
Assistant Professor Ashish Kumar(2014UME1313)
Suryapratap Singh(2014UME1336)
Chemical Engg Department
MNIT Jaipur
CRACKING

Cracking: This involves the decomposition of heavy residues by exposures

to extreme temperatures in the presence or absence of catalysts.
Classification of cracking
Thermal cracking: cracking at elevated temperature in the absence of
catalysts.
e.g. Delayed coking, Fluid coking.
Catalytic cracking: cracking at elevated temperature in the presence of
catalysts.
e.g. Hydrocracking.
COKING

Coking refers to extreme thermal cracking process.

Feed is heated to 480 510C and left for some time so that coke
and lighter products form.
Since coking is a batch reaction, there can be different ways to
carry out coking.
There are two types of refinery coking processes namely delayed
coking and fluid coking.
 COKING

Delayed Fluid
Coking Coking
DELAYED COKING

The heated feed is fed to a coke drum and coke forms in the
drum. The lighter products are withdrawn from the top section of the
delayed coker. After coking,the coke drum is full of coke and it is then
removed using water jets . The process is called delayed coking
because in this process the coal is heated using a much more complex
system , and it consists of multiple furnaces or coke drums. Usually
the coal is heated at a lower temperature for shorter periods of time ,
which removes water and other by products more slowly than the
conventional process, thereby increasing the overall time span.
 Coker
products

Complex
Distillation
column
Naphtha

Water

Light gas oil

Heavy gas oil

FLUID COKING

Fluid coking is non-catalytic fluid bed process where residue is

coked by spraying into a fluidized bed of hot, fine coke particles.
FLUID COKING

Residue from VDU is coked by spraying into a fluidized bed of hot,

fine coke particles.

Scrubber which will remove heavier compounds from the vapour

(if any) and send them back with the feed stream.

To generate hot coke, a burner unit is used to heat the coke using
exothermic CO2reaction. The offgases from the burner are sent to
cyclones, scrubbing and then to the vent. The hot coke thus
obtained is recycled back to the fluidized bed or taken out as a
net coke product.
References

1. Gary J.H. , Handwerk G.E., Petroleum Refining: Technology

and Economics, Taylor & Francis, 2005
2. Jones D.S.J., Elements of Petroleum Processing, John Wiley &
Sons, 1995
3. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/103103029/module2/lec10/2.html
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K-shupztU78