Ancillary Services

Ancillary Services

Background

Definition

Types of Ancillary Services

Required Level

Mode of Procurement
 The Grid Code mandates TransCo, now NGCP
and being the System Operator, to be
responsible in determining, acquiring, and
dispatching the capacity needed to supply the
required Ancillary Services of the Grid.
 In compliance to the OATS Rules (Module
D7), TransCo developed and filed to the ERC
on December 2004 the Ancillary Service
Procurement Plan which outlines the
processes that the system operator must
undergo in order to implement the
procurement of the A/S.

On May 2006, ERC approved the proposed

ASPP under ERC case no. 2002-253.
 The Grid code defines Ancillary Services as
support services necessary to sustain the
transmission capacity and energy that are
essential in maintaining the power quality,
reliability, and security of the grid.

Primary function is to maintain the load-

generation balance of the system.
LOAD GENERATION

Generation =>< Load; System Frequency ><= 60

60 Hz
Hz
 Regulating Reserve Service (RR)
Contingency Reserve Service (CR)
Dispatchable Reserve Service (DR)
Reactive Power Support Service (RPS)
Black Start Service (BS)
Purpose: Generating capacity necessary to
adjust automatically the total system
generation in response to small fluctuations of
loads and generation outputs over a short
period of time.
LOAD GENERATION

RR
RR
Mode of Operation: preferably Free Governor
Control or Automatic Generation Control
(AGC).
Primary response (Free Governor mode) -
ability of the generating unit to change its
power output in response to the change in
frequency within a maximum time of 5
seconds.
Should be sustainable for 25 seconds
Secondary response (Automatic Generation
Control (AGC mode) - generating equipment
that automatically responds to signals from
SO-EMS to control the power output of
generators in response to a change in
frequency within a maximum time of 25
seconds.
Should be sustainable for at least 30 minutes
 MW

110
120
125
130
135
145

115
140
2:57:32 PM
2:58:48 PM
3:00:04 PM
3:01:20 PM
3:02:36 PM
3:03:52 PM
3:05:08 PM
3:06:24 PM
3:07:40 PM
3:08:56 PM
3:10:12 PM
3:11:28 PM
3:12:44 PM
3:14:00 PM
3:15:16 PM
3:16:32 PM
3:17:48 PM
3:19:04 PM
3:20:20 PM

Time
3:21:36 PM
3:22:52 PM
3:24:08 PM
3:25:24 PM
3:26:40 PM
3:27:56 PM
3:29:12 PM
3:30:28 PM
3:31:44 PM
3:33:00 PM
3:34:16 PM
3:35:32 PM
3:36:48 PM
3:38:04 PM
3:39:20 PM
3:40:36 PM
3:41:52 PM
59.65
59.75
59.80
59.90
60.00
60.05
60.15
60.25
60.30
60.35
60.40

59.70
59.85
59.95
60.10
60.20

frequency
Purpose: Insurance Generating capacity
necessary to adjust automatically the total
system generation in response to sudden
reduction of generation output or tripping of
generating unit.
Generating units should be on-line and
synchronized to the grid.
Contingency reserve is also used when
Regulating Reserve becomes insufficient.
Primary response: deadband setting of -0.15Hz
to -0.30Hz
Secondary response: AGC or manual
adjustment through specific dispatch
instruction with maximum time to full capacity
of 10 minutes and sustainable for at least 30
minutes
LOAD GENERATION

Contingency
 Purpose: Insurance Generating capacity
necessary to replenish the Contingency
Reserve.
Mode of Operation: Generating units should
have fast start capability
DR generators should be able to synchronize
to the grid within 15 minutes and sustain its
operation at a minimum of 8 Hours, if
necessary
LOAD GENERATION

Contingency

DR
GENERATION
(MW)

SUDDEN LOSS OF GENERATION

CONTINGENCY DISPATCHABLE
RESERVE RESERVE

TIME
Sustainable time,
10minutes 8 hours

15minutes

30minutes
 Purpose: Generating units used to absorb
from or supply reactive power to the grid in
order to maintain the system voltage within
the +/-5% level
Mode of Operation: supplies reactive power
by operating beyond 0.85 lagging PF and
absorbs reactive power by operating beyond
0.90 leading PF
RPSS generators should operate within their
capability curves
 Purpose: Generating units used to restore
power system from partial or total system
black out
Mode of Operation: can start without the
need of external power supply from the grid
BSS generators must be ready to extend
power within 30 minutes
BSS generators should be able to sustain
their operation for at least 12 Hours
 Visayas Power Restoration Highway

LEYTE GRID Maasin S/S Leyte-Bohol Submarine Cable Ubay S/S

BOHOL GRID
Ormoc S/S
HVDC-OCS Babatngon S/S Wright S/S BDPP
Malitbog S/S

Corella Switching

Marshalling S/S

Tabango S/S Isabel S/S

CDPP-1

Leyte-Cebu Submarine Cable CEBU GRID

LGPP

Sigpit S/S
TPC
Talisay S/S

PDPP-1

Cebu-Negros
Compostela S/S Banilad S/S Naga S/S Submarine Cable
Dingle S/S
Negros-Panay
Submarine Cable PGPP-1

NNGPP Bacolod S/S Kabankalan S/S Mabinay S/S Amlan S/S

NEGROS GRID PGPP-2

PB 102 Panit-an S/S

Sta. Barbara S/S

PB 103

PANAY GRID
 Regulating Reserve
2.8% of the Forecasted Hourly System Demand
Contingency Reserve
Largest Scheduled Generator and its scheduled
reserve
Dispatchable Reserve
Same amount as the Contingency Reserve

Reactive Power Support

Dependent on System Voltage Condition

Black Start Service

At least 2 BS plants per Restoration Highway
 20000
MW( MW per hour per month)

18000

16000

14000

12000

10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0

Total Required Regulating Reserve Total Scheduled Regulating Reserve

 60000
MW( MW per hour per month)

50000

40000

30000

20000

10000

Required Contingency Reserve Total Scheduled Contingency Reserve

 60000

50000
MW( MW per hour per

40000

30000
month)

20000

10000

Required Dispatchable Reserve Total Scheduled Dispatchable Reserve

Interested generators willing to provide Ancillary
Services must be certified first through an
accreditation testing process prior to ASPA
negotiation.