PostgreSQL

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What is PostgreSQL?
PostgreSQL is a advance, open source object-relational
database system (ORDBMS)

PostgreSQL runs on all major operating systems, including Linux, UNIX

Mac OS X, Solaris and Windows

PostgreSQL is not controlled by any corporation or other private entity

and the source code is available free of charge

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Who Uses PostgreSQL

Skype
Heroku
Instagram
Disqus
Yahoo!
NASA
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Key Features of PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL offers many modern features including the following

Complex SQL queries

SQL Sub-selects
Foreign keys
Trigger
Views
Transactions

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PostgreSQL can be extended by the user in many ways

Data types
Functions
Operators
Aggregate functions
Index methods

If you dont like any part of the system, you can always develop a custom
plugin to enhance it to meet your requirements e.g., adding a new optimizer

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PostgreSQL limits
Limit Value
Maximum Database Size Unlimited
Maximum Table Size 32 TB
Maximum Row Size 1.6 TB
Maximum Field Size 1 GB
Maximum Rows per Table Unlimited
Maximum Columns per Table 250 - 1600 depending on column types
Maximum Indexes per Table Unlimited

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Advantages of PostgreSQL :
An open-source SQL standard compliant RDBMS:

PostgreSQL is open-source and free, yet a very powerful relational

database management system.

Strong community:

PostgreSQL is supported by a devoted and experienced community which

can be accessed through knowledge-bases and Q&A sites 24/7 for free.

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Advantages of PostgreSQL :
Strong third-party support:

Regardless of the extremely advanced features, PostgreSQL is adorned

with many great and open-source third-party tools for designing, managing
and using the management system.

Extensible:

It is possible to extend PostgreSQL programmatically with stored

procedures, like an advanced RDBMS should be.

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Disadvantages of PostgreSQL :
Performance:

For simple read-heavy operations, PostgreSQL can be an over-kill and

might appear less performant than the counterparts, such as MySQL.

Popularity:

Given the nature of this tool, it lacks behind in terms of popularity, despite
the very large amount of deployments - which might affect how easy it
might be possible to get support.

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When To Use PostgreSQL :

Data integrity:

When reliability and data integrity are an absolute necessity without

excuses, PostgreSQL is the better choice.

Complex, custom procedures:

If you require your database to perform custom procedures, PostgreSQL,

being extensible, is the better choice.

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When To Use PostgreSQL :

Complex designs:

Compared to other open-source and free RDBMS implementations, for

complex database designs, PostgreSQL offers the most in terms of
functionality and possibilities without giving up on other valuable assets.

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When Not To Use PostgreSQL

Speed:

If all you require is fast read operations, PostgreSQL is not the tool to go
for.

Replication:

Unless you are willing to spend the time, energy and resources, achieving
replication with MySQL might be simpler for those who lack the database
and system administration experience.

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PostgreSQL vs MySQL
mysql> CREATE TABLE cake (name VARCHAR(3));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO cake (name) VALUES ('pancake');

Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)

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PostgreSQL vs MySQL
mysql> SELECT * FROM cake;
+------+
| name |
+------+
| pan |
+------+
1 row in set (0.03 sec)

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PostgreSQL vs MySQL
testdb=# CREATE TABLE cake (name
VARCHAR(3));
CREATE TABLE

testdb=# INSERT INTO cake (name) VALUES

('pancake');
ERROR: value too long for type character
varying(3)
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Postgresql Challenges

PgAdmin 4
Different data types
Syntax
Create functions instead of Procedures

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Postgresql important sites

https://www.postgresql.org/
www.postgresqltutorial.com/
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/postgresql/
https://pgexercises.com/
http://postgresguide.com/

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