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Land is India's most important natural resource, required for agriculture, industry, and human existence. However, India has a non-viable pattern of land utilization. While India ranks 7th in total area worldwide and 2nd in population, only 46% of its land is suitable for agriculture. To remedy this, India must implement intensive cultivation practices to increase productivity on existing agricultural lands, expand irrigation infrastructure to utilize land more efficiently, and develop an integrated national land use plan.
Land is India's most important natural resource, required for agriculture, industry, and human existence. However, India has a non-viable pattern of land utilization. While India ranks 7th in total area worldwide and 2nd in population, only 46% of its land is suitable for agriculture. To remedy this, India must implement intensive cultivation practices to increase productivity on existing agricultural lands, expand irrigation infrastructure to utilize land more efficiently, and develop an integrated national land use plan.
Land is India's most important natural resource, required for agriculture, industry, and human existence. However, India has a non-viable pattern of land utilization. While India ranks 7th in total area worldwide and 2nd in population, only 46% of its land is suitable for agriculture. To remedy this, India must implement intensive cultivation practices to increase productivity on existing agricultural lands, expand irrigation infrastructure to utilize land more efficiently, and develop an integrated national land use plan.
Non-viable pattern of lands utilisation in agriculture
Land is the most important of all natural
resources Essential for human existence Required for agriculture & factories Land endowments vary across the country India ranks 7th in the world in terms of area & 2nd in terms of population Total area of 32.9 crore hectares or 329 million hectares REPORTING AREA Not 100% of geographical area Some areas not easily accessible & their economic utility is presumed to be limited BARREN LAND (14 % of Reporting area) Mountains , deserts etc which cannot be brought under cultivation Area under non-agricultural uses land occupied by buildings, roads, railways, rivers, canals & other lands put to uses other than agriculture In 1950-51, area under non-agricultural uses was ten(10) million hectares (MH) & increased to 26 MH Cultivable waste land reduced from 23 MH in 1950- 51 to 13 MH in 2011-12 BARREN LAND would increase with an increase in population & unbanisation AREA UNDER FORESTS (23 %) All land classified as forests by law or administered as forests (state owned or private) & whether wooded or maintained as potential forest land
National Forest Policy Resolution of 1952
recommended coverage of one third of total area to maintain ecological balance
Yet to achieve this national objective
PASTURES & GRAZING LAND (3%)
CUTIVABLE WASTE LANDS etc (4%)
Lands available but not cultivated during the previous 5 or more years maybe be fallow or covered with scrubs & jungles FALLOW LANDS (9%) Land that remains uncultivated during a given year or for some period Current fallows (current year) or other fallows (1 5 years uncultivated) due to poverty, unremunerative, water shortage etc AGRICULTURAL LAND Net area sown is 140 MH or 46% of reporting area Total cropped area 192 MH in 2009 -10 (by 2020 estimated land required would be 500MH if the present pattern continues) Non-Viable Pattern of Land Utilisation No planning in land utilisation Land relations have been retrogressive More area brought under cultivation by (a) clearing forests (b) converting grazing lands (c) bringing cultivable wastelands under farming (d)Shifting cropping pattern (diverting land under fodder crops to food crops) REMEDIES Intensive cultivation multiple cropping increase productivity levels Extending irrigation & rationalize water usage Thus increasing gross cropped area by increasing area sown more than once Develop an integrated land use plan References: Indian Economy: S.K. Mishra & V.K. Puri Datt & Sundharams Indian Economy: Datt & Mahajan