University of San Jose-Recoletos

General Education Core Courses

Modified Second Generation
Training for Faculty

Life, Works and Writings

of Dr. Jose Rizal

Richard B. Fernandez
USJ - R
5.1 2007 by Prentice Hall
 WHAT IS
NATIONALISM?

5.2 2007 by Prentice Hall

 The strong belief that the interest of a
particular nation or state are of primary
importance.

The belief that people who share a

common language, history, and culture
should constitute an independent nation
free of foreign domination.

5.3 2007 by Prentice Hall

 Republic Act No. 1425
AN ACT TO INCLUDE IN THE CURRICULA OF ALL PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS,
COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES COURSES ON THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF JOSE
RIZAL, PARTICULARLY HIS NOVELS NOLI ME TANGERE AND EL FILIBUSTERISMO,
AUTHORIZING THE PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION THEREOF, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

WHEREAS, today, more than any other period of our history, there is a need for a re-dedication
to the ideals of freedom and NATIONALISM for which our heroes lived and died;

WHEREAS, it is meet that in honoring them, particularly the NATIONAL HERO and patriot,
Jose Rizal, we remember with special fondness and devotion their lives and works that have
shaped the NATIONAL CHARACTER;

WHEREAS, the life, works and writing of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere
and El Filibusterismo, are a constant and inspiring SOURCE OF PATRIOTISM with which the
minds of the youth, especially during their formative and decisive years in school, should be
suffused;

WHEREAS, all educational institutions are under the supervision of, and subject to regulation
by the State, and all schools are enjoined to develop MORAL CHARACTER, PERSONAL
DISCIPLINE, CIVIC CONSCIENCE and to teach the DUTIES OF CITIZENSHIP; Now,
therefore,

5.4 2007 by Prentice Hall

 ARTICLE 14
SECTION 3 par. 2

5.5 2007 by Prentice Hall

 They shall inculcate
patriotism and
nationalism
appreciation of the role
of national heroes

5.6 2007 by Prentice Hall

 HISTORICAL CONTEXT /
BACKGROUND OF RIZAL

5.7 2007 by Prentice Hall

 To appreciate and have a better understanding
of Rizal, it is necessary to know the historical
background of the world and of the
Philippines during his times.

5.8 2007 by Prentice Hall

 1. American Civil War
2. Russian Emancipation Proclamation
3. Italians drove out French and Austrian
armies
4. England emerged as worlds leading
imperialist

5.9 2007 by Prentice Hall

 THE CHINESE
MESTIZOS

5.10 2007 by Prentice Hall

 Chinese mestizo what detail struck you
the most
- how does it contribute to
Filipino Nationality

5.11 2007 by Prentice Hall

 1.What informative detail
struck you the most?

2.How does it contribute to

Filipino Nationalism?

5.12 2007 by Prentice Hall

 THE AGRARIAN
RELATION WITH THE
FRIARS
5.13 2007 by Prentice Hall
 CALAMBA AGRARIAN PROBLEMS

Ownership of the Calamba hacienda passed

on to the Dominicans after the Jesuits who
originally owned it- were expelled in 1768. The
Dominicans owned practically all the lands
around Calamba. The tenants suffered since
many years due to the unjustified taxes they
had to pay. Even if there was an economic
crisis or the harvest was bad, the rent and
taxes went up. The tenants suffered under the
friars.

5.14 2007 by Prentice Hall

 Rizal had not anticipated but he soon became the center
of the tenants struggle against the Dominicans. It
started innocently. On 30th December 1887, when the
government, wondering why the revenue paid by the
Dominicans Order had remained constant despite the
ever-increasing size of cultivated lands, formally asked
the Calamba town council to determine whether there
had been any increase in the products and the size of
the Dominican estate over the past three years.

The friars wanted to withhold the tenants to tell the truth.

The Rizal family as well as the other Calamba tenants
wanted to tell the truth. The tenants asked Rizal to draft a
report for the town council.
5.15 2007 by Prentice Hall
 Rizal asked his town mates to supply him with
all the relevant facts about the estate from the
very beginning.

What came out was a horror story of Dominican

corruption and financial deceit on a massive
scale. The original hacienda owned by the
Jesuits consisted of only a small part of land
and included only a part of the town, but the
Dominicans had claimed a much more extensive
area, no less than the whole town and its
surrounding fields. The Dominicans were paying
the government only the income tax due on the
original smaller hacienda.
5.16 2007 by Prentice Hall
 Rizal wrote down his findings, which were
signed by the tenants in January 1888, and
he submitted the report to the
government.
Rizal advised his family to stop paying the
rent. The rest of the Calamba tenants
followed suit and with Rizals
encouragement, petitioned the
government to intervene by authorizing
and supervising the drawing up of a new
contract between the people of Calamba
and the Dominican landowners.
5.17 2007 by Prentice Hall
 The friars were furious because they were
attacked on their most sensitive point: money!
The report never reached the desk of the
governor-general. The Dominicans responded
by filing an action for eviction against the
Calamba tenants. When the justice of the Peace
of Calamba ruled in favor of the tenants. The
Dominicans immediately brought the case to the
Supreme Court in Manila, which immediately
decided in the Dominicans favor. The tenants
and the Rizal family had no recourse but to
appeal their case to the Supreme Court in
Madrid.
5.18 2007 by Prentice Hall
 The Dominicans put pressure on Malacaang to
eliminate Rizal. Governor-general Terrero
advised Rizal to leave the Philippines for his
own good.

The liberal governor-general Terrerro was at that

time replaced by the conservative general
Valeriano Weyler in 1888. He was completely on
the side of the Dominicans. One of his first acts
was to enforce the court ruling for the eviction
of the tenants. The first to be evicted was the
Rizal family.
5.19 2007 by Prentice Hall
 On 6 September 1890, general Weyler began
enforcing the will of the Dominicans by sending
artillery and military forces to Calamba which
started to demolish the house of Rizals parents.
Rizals brother, brothers in law were arrested
and exiled to different places of the archipelago.
On the first day 60 families were thrown out of
their houses and the sugar mills and all other
buildings they had erected were destroyed. The
Dominicans forbade the rest of the townspeople
to give the unfortunates lodging and hospitality.
By the end of September 400 tenants had been
evicted.
5.20 2007 by Prentice Hall
 Ingredients for Nationalistic
awakening

1. Awareness of undesirable realities

The tenants suffered many years
of unjustified taxes even if there
was:
1. economic crisis
2. harvest was bad
3. the rent and taxes went up
5.21 2007 by Prentice Hall
 2. Trigger / Spark for action
The Government formally asked
the Calamba town council to
investigate
3.Collaboration / Concerted action
Rizal asked his town mates to
supply him with all Relevant facts
about the estate
5.22 2007 by Prentice Hall
 Failure or Success? (or at least
significant impact)

Strong willed and witty leadership -

Rizal

5.23 2007 by Prentice Hall

 THE CAVITE MUTINY

5.24 2007 by Prentice Hall

 Trivia Questions
1. Rizals age when he died
35 (1864 1896)
2. Rizals complete name
Jose Protasio Rizal Mercado Y
Alonso Realonda
3. Rizals height
4 ft. and 11 inches
5.25 2007 by Prentice Hall
 Trivia Questions
4. The hat Rizal wore during execution
Bowlers hat
5. How many bullets hit Rizal during
execution
one
6. The name of the squad w/c
executed Rizal
cavalcade
5.26 2007 by Prentice Hall
 Trivia Questions
7. How many members does the
execution squads consisted
16
8. The rifle used by Filipino firing squad
members
Remington
9. The rifle used by Spanish firing squad
members
Mauser
5.27 2007 by Prentice Hall
 Trivia Questions
10. The name of the shot which finished
Rizal at point blank range in the face
Tira al gracia
11. Name of Rizals favorite dog
Blackie
12. Rizals nickname
pepe
5.28 2007 by Prentice Hall
 Trivia Questions
13. Who gave rizals nickname
Mother
14. The reason for Rizals nickname
Mother was a devotee of Sr. San Jose
15. The logic behind the nickname
Pepe P.P Pater Pestastimus
foster father San Jose

5.29 2007 by Prentice Hall

 Trivia Questions
16. Rizals requests during execution:
a) Spare his head and shoot him in the
heart
b) Prefers standing up than kneeling
down
c) He should be untied
d) He should face the firing squad

5.30 2007 by Prentice Hall

 The friars practically ruled the Phils. Through a
faade of civil govt. The colonial authorities from
the governor-general down to the alcaldes
mayores were under the control of the friars. Aside
from his priestly duties the friar was the supervisor
of local elections, inspectors of schools and taxes,
the arbiter of morals, the censor of books and
comedias(stage play), the superintendent of public
works, and the guardian of peace and order and
the power to denounce someone as
filibustero(traitor)
5.31 2007 by Prentice Hall