Presented by

Reesha Bharath K. -CE12D052

K. Kumar -ED11S009
 The Taguchi method (Tm) is a powerful statistical
technique used for
improving process performance

yield and productivity

It reduces scrap rates, rework costs and

manufacturing costs due to excessive variability in
processes.
 Dr Genichi Taguchi shows how the statistical design of
experiments (SDOE or DOE) can help engineers to design
and manufacture products with high quality and low cost.
Primarily focused on
eliminating the causes of poor quality
making product performance insensitive to variation

Used for determining the optimal factor settings of a process

achieving improved process performance

reduced process variability

improved manufacturability of products and processes.

 One component of DOE which involves planning,
design, execution, analysis and interpretation of
results

Integrates statistical methods into engineering

process

Uses orthogonal array designs to assign the

factors chosen for the experiment
 Process/product Nature of problem Experiment size

Injection moulding High scrap rate due to 8 trials

process excessive process
variability
Diesel injector High rework rate 16 trials

Welding process Low weld strength 8 trials

Biscuit Excessive variability in 16 trials

biscuit length

Wire-bonding process Low wire pull strength 16 trials

1. Formulation of the problem
2. Identification of the output
3. Identification of control factors, noise factors and signal factors
4. Selection of factor levels, possible interactions and the degrees
of freedom associated with each factor and the interaction
effects
5. Design of an appropriate orthogonal array (OA)
6. Preparation of the experiment
7. Running of the experiment with appropriate data collection
8. Statistical analysis and interpretation of experimental results
9. Undertaking a confirmatory run of the experiment
Brainstorming is a useful tool
to identify the most
influencing factors in an
experiment
Control factors and their range of settings for the experiment

Control factor Labels Level 1 Level 2

Paper type A Regular Bond

Body length B 8cm 12cm

Wing length C 8cm 12cm

Body width D 2cm 3cm

Number of clips E 1 2

Wing shape F Flat Angled

 Interaction exists when the effect of one factor is
not the same at different levels of the other factor

Three interactions were considered from brain

storming

1. Body length x Wing length (BC)

2. Body length X Body width (BD)
3. Paper type X Body length (AB)
 Based on the total number of degrees of freedom type of
orthogonal array is chosen.

DOF for 6 Factors at 2 levels = 6

DOF for 3 two way Interactions =3
So Total DOF =9

Note:- It is important to notice that the number of

experimental trails must be greater than the total degrees
of freedom required for studying the effects.
From the available standard orthogonal arrays for two
levels,L4,L8,L16,L32,L64

L16 OR is found suitable

 Taguchi advocates the use of signal to noise ratio.
The SNR is treated as a response of the experiment which is a
measure of the variation.
Taguchi developed over 60 different SNR for various engineering
parameter design.
For this experiment objective is to maximise the flight time so we
choose
SNR related to Larger The Better(LTB)

Where Ni Number of repeats=2

Yu=Each observed value
 Normal probability plot helps to identify Significant
Main and Interaction Factors
 Plotting the absolute values of the effects (both Main and
interaction) along the X axis and the percentage
probability along Y axis.

Percentage probability can be obtained by using the

following equation:

Where i= Rank in ascending order , n= Total no of

effects=9
Fig . Shows most dominant factor is the wing length followed
by paper type, wing shape and no. of clips
 For this experiment none of the interaction effect is
significant
Interaction plots are constructed by plotting the average
SNR values at each factor level combination.
ie:-Interaction of Body length x Body width( BD)
 For the paper helicopter experiment ,based on
the highest SNR values, optimal settings have
been determined.
 Teaching the taguchi method to industrial
engineers-Fiju Antony and Frenie fiju Antony
Thank you!