Advantage Disadvantage

High conversion per unit Undesired thermal gradients

volume may axis

Low operating (labor) cost Poor temperature control

Continuous operating Shutdown and cleaning may be

expensive

Good heat transfer

 Steady State
A reaction has reached equilibrium when the concentration of all
constituents reaches a steady state. In general, equilibrium is
achieved when the state of the system does not change with
time. The state of the system could be temperature, pressure,
concentration and other measurements.