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Syntactic Analysis
Some Modern Approaches
Case Grammar
Startificational Grammar
Tagmemics
Charles Fillmore
Fillmore (1968b:382) explicitly stated:
I believe that human languages are constrained in such a way
that the relation between arguments and predicates fall into a
small number of types. In particular I believe that these role
types can be identified with certain elementary judgments
about the things that go around us: judgments about who does
something, who experiences something, where something
happens, what it is that changes, what it is that moves, where it
starts out, and where it ends up. Since judgments like these are
very much like the kinds of things grammarians have associated
for centuries with the use of grammatical cases, I have been
referring to the case roles as case relationships, or simply
cases.
Case Grammar
M P
V O I A
past open K NP K NP K NP
(M: modality, P: prepositional,V: verb, O: objective case, I: instrumental case, A: agentive case, K: case
marker, Det: determiner, NP: noun phrase)
Case Grammar
Declarative Past
adult
man
Stratificational Grammar
Model Sentence:
Subject Predicate
NP VP NP
V art Adj N
Subject Predicate
NP VP NP
NP VP
V NP
art AdjP
Adj N
M P
V O A
past buy K NP K NP
Declarative Past
adult
man
Recap
Syntax
Paradigmatic View
Syntagmatic View
References
Ahmed, Moumene. Case Grammar and its Implications in Developing
Writing Skills. 1998.
http://www.webreview.dz/IMG/pdf/Case_grammer_and_its_implications_to
_developing_writing_skills.pdf
Edwards, Bruce. Tagmemics Discourse Theory.
http://personal.bgsu.edu/~edwards/tags.html
Falk, Julia. Linguistics and Language. 1978.
Hocket, F. C. A Course in Modern Linguistics. New Delhi: Oxford. 1958
Parsad, Tarni, A Course in Linguistics, 2012, New Dehli: PHI
Rajimwale, Sharad, Elements of General Linguistics, 2006.
Strang, Barbara. Modern English Structure. Edward Arnold. 1968.
Tallerman. Understanding Syntax.
Valin, R. D.V. An Introduction to Syntax. Cambridge Press. 2001
Yule, George. The Study of Language. 1996