Ultraviolet

spectroscopy
ILLUSTRATION
 UV spectroscopy obeys the Beer-Lambert law, which states that: when
a beam of monochromatic light is passed through a solution of an
absorbing substance, the rate of decrease of intensity of radiation with
thickness of the absorbing solution is proportional to the incident
radiation as well as the concentration of the solution.
The expression of Beer-Lambert law is-
A = log (I0/I) = Ecl
where,
A = absorbance
I0 = intensity of light incident upon sample cell
I = intensity of light leaving sample cell
E = molar absorptivity
C = molar concentration of solute
L = length of sample cell (cm.)
From the Beer-Lambert law it is clear that the greater the
number of molecules capable of absorbing light of a given wavelength,
the greater the extent of light absorption. This is the basic principle of
UV spectroscopy.

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
 Advantages
Small volume sample required.
Analyze substances quickly and
they are not difficult to use.
High sensitivity.
Linearity over wide
concentration ranges.
These devices are used in fields
as diverse as forensic analysis,
research and medicine.
It can be used with gradient
elution.
UV-Visible Spectrometers bring
high-tech spectral analysis to the
food industry, where they help
laboratory technicians study
food products.
Disadvantages
Does not work with compounds that
doesn't absorb light at this wavelength
region.
Stray light caused by faulty equipment
design and other factors could decrease
an instrument's linearity range and
reduce the absorbency of the substance it
measures.
Electronic components in the
spectrometer or sample source may also
generate noise that decreases
measurement accuracy and reduces the
device's sensitivity.
Dust or grim may coat the mirrors in a
double-beam UV-Visible spectrometer
Repair costs can also double because you
can't replace one mirror if it needs fixing
for they work as a pair, you must replace
both mirrors.
 Detection of Impurities
Structure Elucidation of Organic Compounds
Quantitative Analysis
Qualitative Analysis
Chemical Kinetics
Detection of Functional Groups
Quantitative Analysis of Pharmaceutical Substances
Identification of an unknown compound
Molecular Weight Determination
As HPLC Detector

APPLICATIONS