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MANUFACTURE
The Industrial manufacture of sulfuric acid is done mainly by two processes
1. The Lead Chamber process
2. The Contact process
3. DCDA process
THE CONTACT PROCESS
Raw Materials
Air = 1450-2200Nm3
Reactions
S + O2 SO2 ΔH = - 71.2kcals
2SO2 + O2 2SO3 ΔH = - 46.3kcals
SO3 + H2O H2SO4 ΔH = - 31.1kcals
SO3 +H2SO4 H2S2O7 (Oleum)
H2S2O7 +H2O 2H2SO4
The steps in this process are as follow.
1. Burning of sulfur
3. Hydration of SO3
1. Burning of sulfur
The catalyst used is vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) and the pressure and
temperature maintained is 1.2-1.5 and 500-600oC respectively
atmospheres. At this stage 30% catalyst converts about 80% of SO2.
The converter product is cooled by heat exchange at 300C stage where
total yield is fed to a second stage.
High yield product gases are cooled to 150oC by water and air heat
exchangers and absorbed in oleum fed.