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IRRITANT CONTACT

DERMATITIS
Supervised by :
Dr. dr. Farida Tabri, Sp. KK (K)

Guided by :
dr. Astri Melistri

By :
1. Afif Naufal C111 13 311
2. Noratu Sendana C 111 13 313
3. Abdurrahman Hasanuddin C 111 13 315
4. M. Fiqhi H C 111 13 317
5. Megawati Ananda Hasbi Putri C 111 13 318
DEFINITION

 Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is nonimunology inflammation of


the skin caused by biological agents, physical, or chemical

 It causes skin eruption on the majority of people who are


suffering. Does not require any previous exposure and the effects
obtained can arise within a few minutes, or several hours or more
ETIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ICD
 Cross-sectional study was conducted in Europe
against eczema by various etiology in the general
population prevalence figures show the range of
0.7% - 40%

 Data From U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics show that as


many as 257.800 cases of fatal occupational diseases
were not reported for the year 2008 from all the genius
of industries including local industry and government
 And there are 90-95% of all occupational skin disease which is contact
dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis which occupies 80% of the total disease
related contact dermatitis workers
PATHOGENESIS OF ICD

 The loss of surface lipids and increased permeability and


transepidermal water loss (TEWL)

 Denaturation of epidermal keratins

 Damage to cell membranes

 Direct cytotoxic effects


CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
ACUTE IRRITANT CONTACT
DERMATITIS
 Burning, stinging, painful sensations can occur immediately within
seconds after exposure or may be delayed up to 24 hour
CHRONIC IRRITANT CONTACT DERMATITIS
 Prolonged and repeated exposures of the
skin to irritants results to a chronic
disturbance of the barrier function,
subsequently, elicit a chronic inflammatory
response
 Stinging and itching, pain as fissures
develop
DIAGNOSIS CRITERIA OF ICD

 From detailed history which required to identify the causative agent


 From clinical picture of affected sites

Patch tests :
 Patch tests are used to confirm or exclude allergic contact dermatitis
and identify the allergen.

 They do not exclude irritant contact dermatitis as the two may


coexist.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
 Atopic Dermatitis
 Seborrheic Dermatitis
 Numular Eczema
 Psoariaris
TREATMENT OF ICD
 topical corticosteroids, which suppress the inflammatory
reaction so should reduce redness, swelling and pain
 In chronic lesions needed a more powerful topical
corticosteroids, such as betamethasone valerate cream
0.01% by occlusion for 1 to 3 weeks or a group of very
strong topical corticosteroids such as betamethasone
dipropionate ointment 0.05% without occlusion
COMPLICATION OF ICD

 Capital increase the risk of sensitization topical treatment

 Skin lesions may develop secondary infections, especially by


staphylococcus aureus

 Secondary neurodermatitis (lichen simoleks chronic) may occur,


especially in workers exposed to irritants in the workplace or with
psychological stress

 hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation post ICD is affected on ICD


area

 Scarring appears on exposure to corrosive materials or excoriation


MANAGEMENT FOR IRRITANT
CONTACT DERMATITIS

Prevention

 Avoid exposure to potential allergen

 Avoid repeated and prolonged exposure to irritants

 Wear protective clothing

 Check skin reactions to cosmetics before applying


• AVOID THE SUSPECTED IRRITANT, BY USE OF
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING, AND GLOVES
• Always keep your hands moister
after washing

1-Clean hands 2-Dry 3-Moisturise


PROGNOSIS
 The prognosis for acute irritant dermatitis which is good if irritant
causes can be identified and eliminated

 The prognosis for a cumulative irritant dermatitis or chronic irritant


dermatitis handled carefully and perhaps worse than allergic
dermatitis
THANK YOU

TERIMAKASIH

ありがとうございました

DANKE

MERCI

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