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CONTENTS

Matrix Wedges
• Types
• Introduction
• Functions of the
• ideal wedges
requirements of a • Requirements of
matrix wedges
• Selection of
• Functions
wedges
• Classification • Direction of

• Different types of
wedge insertion
• Modified
matrix wedging
techniques
INTRODUCTION
MATRICES
The matrix is a device used during restorative
procedures to hold the plastic restorative material
within the tooth while it is setting.

MATRICING
Matricing is the procedure whereby a temporary
wall is created opposite to axial walls,surrounding
areas of tooth structure that were lost during the
cavity preparation.
IDEAL REQUIREMENTS OF A
MATRICES
 Ease of application
 Not be cumbersome

 Ease of removal

 Rigidity

 provide proper proximal contact and contour

 Positive proximal pressure

 Non reactive

 Inexpensive
FUNCTIONS OF A MATRIX

 To confine the restorative material while it is


hardening.
 To establish optimal contacts and contours for
the restoration.
 To prevent gingival overhangs of the restoration.

 To provide an acceptable surface texture for the


resoration.
CLASSIFICATION OF MATRICES
1. Depending on the type of band material :
• Stainless steel

• Copper band

• Cellulose acetate(Cellophane) ,

• Polyacetate (mylar)

2. Depending on its preparation


-custom made or anatomic matrix
eg; compound supported matrix
-mechanical matrix eg ; tofflemire ,ivory no 1,
ivory no 8
3.Depending on mode of retention
-with retainer eg;tofflemire,ivory no.1,ivory
no.8 matrices
-without retainer eg;automatrix
4.Depending on cavity preparation
• Class I with buccal and lingual extension Double-
banded tofflemire matrix
• Class II  single banded tofflemire matrix,

ivory no 1 matirx,
ivory no.8 matrix,
compound supported matrix,
automatrix
• Class IIIS shaped matrix,
cellophane strip,
mylar strip

• Class IV cellophane strip, transparent celluloid crown forms


• Class V  tin foil matrix
preformed transparent cervical matrix
window matrix
COMPONENTS
Band and Retainer
1. Band-A piece of metal or polymeric material used to
support and give form to the restorative material
during its introduction and hardening.

2. Retainer-A device by which the band can be


retained in its designated position and shape.
May be a mechanical device, dental floss,a metal
ring or impression compound.
TYPES OF MATRIX

IVORY NO. 1 MATRIX

 An adjustable metal retainer,


holds bands of stainless steel
that provide the missing wall for
the single proximal surface
restoration(MO or DO).
 Free end of matrix band are
kept on the non cavity side.
IVORY NO. 8 MATRIX

 An adjustable metal retainer, holds


bands of stainless steel that
provide the missing wall for both
proximal surface restoration
(MOD).

 Provide missing wall by encircling


entire crown of tooth.

 Made up of thin sheet of metal so


that it can pass through the contact
area of uncut proximal side of tooth
UNIVERSAL MATRIX
(TOFFLEMIRE MATRIX)
TYPES OF MATRIX BANDS
STAINLESS STEEL MATRIX
• Available in two thicknesses
0.05 mm thick or 0.038 mm
 The gingival edge is inserted into
the gingival crevice 1mm beyond
the gingival margin.
 The occlusal edge of the strip
should extend not less than 1
mm nor more than 2 mm
occlusally to the adjacent
marginal ridge.
 Smaller circumference of the band
is always placed toward the
gingiva Straight and contra-angled
retainers
PLACEMENT OF MATRIX
MATRIX REMOVAL
After insertion of the restorative material, carving of the
occlusal portion and hardening of the restorative
material to avoid fracture of the marginal ridge

Removal of the retainer

First small knurled nut is turned counter clockwise


followed by turning of larger knurled nut to loosen band
from retainer
Now the retainer is freed from the band and gently
removed.

Next the band is disengaged from the uninvolved


proximal side and followed by removing from the
restored proximal side by gently moving it in a
buccal and occlusal direction
DOUBLE BAND TOFFLEMIRE MATRIX

 Indication: Cavities with buccal or lingual extension


 Supplementary piece of material should lap over the
margins of the extension by about 1.5-2 mm
circumferentially
SOLDERED BAND /
SEAMLESS COPPER BAND MATRIX

 Indication – badly broken down teeth,


especially those receiving pin-retained
amalgam restorations, with large buccal and
lingual extensions.
S-SHAPED MATRIX BAND
 Indication – class II and the facial and lingual
extension part of class II
 0.5 to 1 inch of regular strip matrix 0.001 – 0.002” in
thickness is used.
 A mirror handle is used to produce S- shape in the
strip.
 It is then placed interproximally and wedged firmly
apical to the gingival margin and covered with
compoud at its facial and lingual ends
AUTOMATRIX SYSTEM/
ROLL-IN BAND MATRIX
 An alternative to a universal retainer.
 Self retained

 Bands are already formed into a circle


and are available in assorted sizes in
both metal and plastic.
 The bands vary in height from 4.7 to 7.9
mm
 Two thickness 0.38 and 0.05 mm

 Indicated for extensive class II


Preparation
 Each band has a coil like autolock loop
PALODENT MATRIX SYSTEM/SECTIONAL
MATRIX WITH G-RINGS

Advantage -for a restoration involving only one


proximal surface there is no need for the matrix to be
placed in the other contact.
• It will also provide some tooth separation
PLASTIC MATRIX STRIPS

DIFFERENT TYPES :
• Celluloid (Cellulose nitrate) strips  for silicate cements
• Cellophane (Cellulose acetate) strips for resins
• Mylar strip  for composite and silicate restorations
• For Class IV tooth preparation, the strip is folded in ‘L –
shape’

Preformed transparent matrix Transparent contoured matrix


strip band combined with clamp
T BAND MATRIX

 TheT-band is a T-shaped
copper band or stainless steel
band.

 When formed , the top


portion of the T allows the
straight portion to adjust
and fit the circumference of
the primary molar.
WEDGES

 Device placed in the embrasure space


to secure the matrix to the tooth and
provide the proper contour .

 Create rapid separation during tooth


preparation and restoration
TYPES

 Preformed
 Carved
 Wooden
 Plastic
 Anatomical
 Non-anatomical
 Colored
 Light transmitted wedge
Wooden Wedges
 can be made of either hard like oak Or
soft wood like pine
 main advantage  they are easily cut and
trimmed and they absorb water intraorally.
This causes them to swell, improve their
interproximal retention.
 Available in 2 shapes
Triangular and roundvc

PLASTIC WEDGES
Wave Wedge
 Its central concavity ensures that it clicks into
place to ensure optimum sealing.
 Three choice for color coded for Simplicity
Small - white
Medium - pink
Large – purple
FUNCTIONS OF THE WEDGES
 Assure close adaptability of the matrix band to the
tooth, gingival to gingival margin of the preparation.

 Prevent the restorative material from impinging on


embrasure, thus assuring proper health for the
gingival interdental col.

 Define the gingival extent of the contact area as well


as the facial and lingual embrasure.
REQUIREMENTS OF WEDGES

 Should compress the matrix band to remaining


healthy tooth structure through its entire bucco-
lingual length apically to gingival cavosurface line
angle.
 Easy to apply and withdraw

 Should be of the shape of tooth embrasure

 Should not cause deformation of matrix band

 Be disposable

 Be radiopaque

 Be rigid

 Non-toxic and non-irritant

 Stable in oral fluids


SELECTION OF WEDGES

 The round wedge  conservative proximal boxes


because its wedging action is more occlusal than with
the triangular wedge
 The triangular wedge for a preparation with a deep
gingival margin because its greatest crosssectional
dimension is at its base
 Gingival base width should be slightly greater than
inter-dental space width in order to achieve stability
DIRECTION OF WEDGE INSERTION

• Inserted in the lingual or facial embrasure


(whichever is larger), slightly gingival to the
gingival margin.

• In case of wide cavity preparation wedges are


inserted from both directions to achieve stability

 Improper wedge placement will result in


gingival excess (i.e., overhang) caused by the
band moving slightly away from the margin
during condensation of the amalgam
MODIFIED WEDGING TECHNIQUES

1. Double wedging - One from the lingual


embrasure and one from the facial embrasure
Indication - facio-lingually wide proximal
boxes when large space between two adjacent
teeth
.
2. Wedge wedging - One wedge is inserted
from lingual embrasure area while another is
inserted between the wedge and the matrix
band at right angle to first wedge
Indication
– mesial aspect of maxillary first premolar
3. Piggy back wedging - One larger
wedge is inserted as used normally,
while the other smaller wedge
(piggyback) is inserted above the larger
one.

Indication – shallow proximal box with


recession of interproximal level
REFERENCES

o Sturdevant's ART & SCIENCE OF


OPERATIVE DENTISTRY; 5thedition

 Clinical operative Dentistry –Ramya Raghu

 Internet

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