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From the standpoint of international law, the waters of the earth are divided into:
1. Inland or internal waters
2. Territorial sea (Supra)
3. High or open seas
Important distances with respect to the
waters around the Philippines:
• Territorial Sea 12 nautical miles (n.m.)
• Contiguous Zone 12 n.m. from the
edge of the territorial sea
• -Exclusive Economic Zone 200 n.m.
from the baseline
Territorial Sea
• The belt of the sea located
between the coast and
• internal waters of the coastal
state on the one
• hand, and the high seas on the
other, extending up
• to 12 nautical miles from the
low water mark.
Contiguous Zone
• Extends up to 12 nautical
miles from the territorial
• sea. Although not part of the
• territory, the coastal State
may exercise jurisdiction
• to prevent infringement of
customs, fiscal,
• immigration or sanitary laws.
Exclusive Economic Zone
The state in the EEZ exercises
jurisdiction with regard to:
1. the establishment and use of artificial
islands, installations, and structures;
2. marine scientific research;
3. the protection and preservation of
marine environment