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Key Areas
Databases
 Introduction to Databases
 Concept of Keys
 Creating Databases (Microsoft Access)

Programming
 Database Connectivity
 Coding for different events

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Databases

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 Databases
What is a
Database ?

“A database is a
set of data that
has a regular
structure and it
is well
organized”

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 Database Applications
( DBMS – Database Management Systems )

Examples for Database Applications

• MS Access
• MySQL
• Oracle
• PostgreSQL
• MariaDB

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 Concept of Keys
What is a KEY ?
A key is an attribute that is used to identify data

• Primary Key - key that uniquely identifies the data of

each row

• Foreign Key – Primary key of another table

• Composite Key – a key that has more than one

attribute
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 Database Example
EmpNo EmpName DeptNo
110 John 5
120 Peter 6
Primary Key
Primary Key

130 Anne 7
140 Bobby 5
150 Alex 5 DeptNo DeptName
5 Accounting
Foreign Key
6 Management
7 Security

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 Creating Databases
Design View

Database View

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Saving Database

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Saving Database

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Saving Database


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Programming

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Database Connectivity

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 Database Connectivity (VB)
Setting the Database Connection

In Visual Basic Screen, go to

Project >
References >
Microsoft Data Access Object 3.6 Library >
OK

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Database Connectivity (VB)

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 Programming
Database is located at …

So, the path of the Database is

C:\VB\students.mdb 16
 Programming
In General Declaration area, declare two(2) variables for Database & the Query(Record Set)

Code – General Dec

Dim db As Database
Dim rs1 As Recordset

If you need more Queries(record sets) declare

variables for them as you need

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 Programming
Identify the Database & the Record Set to VB.
Write this code at Form Load Event DB location(path)

Code for Form_Load() SQL Statement

Set db = OpenDatabase("C:\VB\students.mdb") SQL – Structured Query Language
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("select * from subjects")
End Sub
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 Programming
Form Activate Event

Code for Form_Activate Event

TXTSubID.Text = rs("subjectid") Fields of the table
TXTSubName.Text = rs("subject")
CMBField.Text = rs("field")
CMBCatog.Text = rs("category")
CMBPoints.Text = rs("points")
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 Programming
Clear All/New Button

Private Sub CMDNew_Click()

TXTSubID.Text = ""
TXTSubName.Text = ""
CMBField.Text = ""
CMBCatog.Text = ""
CMBPoints.Text = ""
End Sub

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 Programming
Close/Exit Button

Private Sub CMDclose_Click()

Dim x As String
x = MsgBox("Are you sure ?", vbExclamation + vbYesNo, "Notification")
If x = vbYes Then
End
Else
CMDnew.SetFocus
End If
End Sub

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 Programming
Form Controller Buttons
CMDF_Click()
rs.MoveFirst
TXTSubID.Text = rs("subjectid")
TXTSubName.Text = rs("subject")
CMBField.Text = rs("field")
CMBCatog.Text = rs("category")
CMBPoints.Text = rs("points")
End Sub
CMDL_Click()
rs.MoveLast
TXTSubID.Text = rs("subjectid")
TXTSubName.Text = rs("subject")
CMBField.Text = rs("field")
CMBCatog.Text = rs("category")
CMBPoints.Text = rs("points")
End Sub
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 Programming
Form Controller Buttons
CMDP_Click()
rs.MovePrevious
If rs.BOF = True Then
MsgBox "Top Reached"
rs.MoveFirst
Else
TXTSubID.Text = rs("subjectid")
TXTSubName.Text = rs("subject")
CMBField.Text = rs("field")
CMBCatog.Text = rs("category")
CMBPoints.Text = rs("points")
End If
End Sub
CMDN_Click()
rs.MoveNext
If rs.EOF = True Then
MsgBox "End of file“
Rs.MoveLast
Else
TXTSubID.Text = rs("subjectid")
TXTSubName.Text = rs("subject")
CMBField.Text = rs("field")
CMBCatog.Text = rs("category")
CMBPoints.Text = rs("points")
End If
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 Programming
Delete Button

CMDDel_Click()
Dim RV As String
RV = MsgBox("Are you sure want to delete ? ", vbYesNo + vbCritical, "Confirm")
If RV = vbYes Then
rs.Delete
Form1.Refresh
MsgBox "Deleted ! "
Else
CMDNew.SetFocus
End If
End Sub

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 Programming
Edit Button

CMDEdit_Click()
rs.Edit
rs("mano") = TXTMno.Text
rs("repstat") = TXTRepStat.Text
rs("repcomp") = TXTRepCom.Text
rs.Update
End Sub
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 Programming
Save Button CMDSave_Click()
rs.FindFirst "mano='" & TXTMno.Text & "'"
If rs.NoMatch = False Then
MsgBox "Duplicate Records has been detected"
TXTMno.Text = ""
Else
If TXTMno.Text = "" Then
MsgBox "Check Machine No "
Else
rs.AddNew
rs("mano") = TXTMno.Text
rs("repstat") = TXTRepStat.Text
rs("repcomp") = TXTRepCom.Text
rs.Update
MsgBox " Successfully Saved", vbInformation
End If
End If
End Sub 26
 Programming
Loading data into ComboBoxes
There are two ways to do this
1.

Code
CMBField.AddItem ("Electrical")
CMBField.AddItem ("Civil")
CMBField.AddItem ("Mechanical")

(USE THIS FOR THE PAPER)

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 Programming
Loading data into ComboBoxes
2.

Press CTRL+ENTER to get the next line

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 Programming
ComboBoxes [Special]

How to fill the list of a Combo Box using

The records in the database already

Code
rs.MoveLast
Dim nre As Integer
nre = rs.RecordCount
rs.MoveFirst
For i = 1 To nre
Combo1.AddItem rs("regno")
rs.MoveNext
Next 29
 KeyPress > SetFocus Event

TXTN1_KeyPress
If KeyAscii = 13 Then
TXTN2.SetFocus
End If

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Example No.1

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TXTName TXTage TXTpoints TXTregno

CMDNew

CMDSave

CMDEdit

CMDDel

CMDExit

CMDFirst CMDPre CMDNext CMDLast

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The description of the table will be given
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From Where Should I Start this ?
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CMDNew_Click
TXTName.Text = ""
TXTage.Text = ""
TXTpoints.Text = ""
TXTregno.Text = ""
End Sub
CMDExit_Click
Dim x As String
x = MsgBox("Are you sure ?", vbExclamation + vbYesNo, "Notification")
If x = vbYes Then
End
Else
CMDnew.SetFocus
End If
End Sub
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Link the DLL file

In Visual Basic Screen, go to

Project >
References >
Microsoft Data Access Object 3.6 Library >
OK

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General Declaration
Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset

Form_Load()
Set db = OpenDatabase("C:\VB\students.mdb")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("select * from subjects")
End Sub

Form_Activate
TXTName.Text = rs("name")
TXTage.Text = rs("age")
TXTpoints.Text = rs("points")
TXTregno.Text = rs("regno")
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CMDFirst_Click
rs.MoveFirst
TXTName.Text = rs("name")
TXTage.Text = rs("age")
TXTpoints.Text = rs("points")
TXTregno.Text = rs("regno")
End Sub
CMDLast_Click
rs.MoveLast
TXTName.Text = rs("name")
TXTage.Text = rs("age")
TXTpoints.Text = rs("points")
TXTregno.Text = rs("regno")
End Sub

CMDNext_Click CMDPre_Click
rs.MoveNext rs.MovePrevious
If rs.EOF = True Then If rs.BOF = True Then
MsgBox "end" MsgBox "start is this"
rs.MoveLast rs.MoveFirst
Else Else
TXTName.Text = rs("name") TXTName.Text = rs("name")
TXTage.Text = rs("age") TXTage.Text = rs("age")
TXTpoints.Text = rs("points") TXTpoints.Text = rs("points")
TXTregno.Text = rs("regno") TXTregno.Text = rs("regno")
End If End If
End Sub End Sub 38
CMDEdit_Click
rs.Edit
rs("name") = TXTName.Text
rs("age") = TXTage.Text
rs("points") = TXTpoints.Text
rs("regno") = TXTregno.Text
rs.Update
End Sub

CMDDel_Click
Dim RD As String
RD = MsgBox("confirm action", vbQuestion + vbYesNo, "condifm")
If RD = vbYes Then
rs.Delete
Form1.Refresh
Else
TXTName.SetFocus
End If
End Sub

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CMDSave_Click
rs.FindFirst "RegNo = ‘ “ & TXTregno.Text & “ ‘ "
If rs.NoMatch = False Then
MsgBox "Duplicate Entry"
Else
rs.AddNew
rs("name") = TXTName.Text
rs("age") = TXTage.Text
rs("points") = TXTpoints.Text
rs("regno") = TXTregno.Text
rs.Update
End If
End Sub

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41
Example No.2

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TXTSubID TXTSubName CMBField CMBCatog CMBPoints

CMDNew

CMDSave

CMDEdit

CMDDelete

CMDFirst CMDPre CMDNext CMDLast

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CMDNew_Click()
TXTSubID.Text = ""
TXTSubName.Text = ""
CMBField.Text = ""
CMBCatog.Text = ""
CMBPoints.Text = ""
End Sub

CMDExit_Click
Dim x As String
x = MsgBox("Are you sure ?", vbExclamation + vbYesNo, "Notification")
If x = vbYes Then
End
Else
CMDnew.SetFocus
End If
End Sub
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 General Dec
Form_Activate()
Dim db As Database
TXTSubID.Text = rs("subjectid")
Dim rs As Recordset
TXTSubName.Text = rs("subject")
CMBField.Text = rs("field")
CMBCatog.Text = rs("category")
CMBPoints.Text = rs("points")
Form_Load()
Set db = OpenDatabase("students.mdb")
CMBField.AddItem ("Electrical")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("select * from subjects")
CMBField.AddItem ("Civil")
End Sub
CMBField.AddItem ("Mechanical")

CMBCatog.AddItem ("GPA")
CMBCatog.AddItem ("Non-GPA")

CMBPoints.AddItem ("1")
CMBPoints.AddItem ("2")
CMBPoints.AddItem ("3")
CMBPoints.AddItem ("4")
CMBPoints.AddItem ("5")
End Sub

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CMDF_Click()
rs.MoveFirst
TXTSubID.Text = rs("subjectid")
TXTSubName.Text = rs("subject")
CMBField.Text = rs("field")
CMBCatog.Text = rs("category")
CMBPoints.Text = rs("points")
End Sub
CMDN_Click()
rs.MoveNext
If rs.EOF = True Then
MsgBox "End of file“
Rs.moveLast
Else
TXTSubID.Text = rs("subjectid")
TXTSubName.Text = rs("subject")
CMBField.Text = rs("field")
CMBCatog.Text = rs("category")
CMBPoints.Text = rs("points")
End If
End Sub
CMDL_Click()
rs.MoveLast
TXTSubID.Text = rs("subjectid")
TXTSubName.Text = rs("subject")
CMBField.Text = rs("field")
CMBCatog.Text = rs("category")
CMBPoints.Text = rs("points")
End Sub
CMDP_Click()
rs.MovePrevious
If rs.BOF = True Then
MsgBox "Top Reached"
rs.MoveFirst
Else
TXTSubID.Text = rs("subjectid")
TXTSubName.Text = rs("subject")
CMBField.Text = rs("field")
CMBCatog.Text = rs("category")
CMBPoints.Text = rs("points")
End If
End Sub
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CMDEdit_Click()
rs.Edit
rs("subject") = TXTSubName.Text
rs("field") = CMBField.Text
rs("category") = CMBCatog.Text
rs("points") = CMBPoints.Text
rs.Update
End Sub

CMDDelete_Click()
Dim RD As String
RD = MsgBox("Confirm ? ", vbQuestion +
vbYesNo, "!")
If RD = vbYes Then
rs.Delete
Form1.Refresh
Else
CMDNew.SetFocus
End If
End Sub

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CMDSave_Click()
rs.FindFirst "subject='" & TXTSubName.Text & "'"
If rs.NoMatch = False Then
MsgBox "Duplicate Detected"
Else
rs.AddNew
rs("subject") = TXTSubName.Text
rs("field") = CMBField.Text
rs("category") = CMBCatog.Text
rs("points") = CMBPoints.Text
rs.Update
End If

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49
 Lets Turn into
2012 Past Paper

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2012 Question No.2

TXTIndex

TXTPure LBLPure

TXTApp LBLApp

TXTChem LBLChem

TXTPhy LBLPhy

LBLTotal CMDResult

CMDNew
CMDClose
LBLAvg
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2012 Question No.2 (Cont’d)
CMDClose_Click()
General Dec Dim X As String
Public a, b, c, d, tot, avg As Integer X = MsgBox("Are you sure want to exit ?",
vbCritical + vbYesNo, "Confirm")
If X = vbYes Then
CMDNew_Click()
End
TXTIndex.Text = ""
Else
TXTPure.Text = ""
CMDNew.SetFocus
TXTApp.Text = ""
End If
TXTChem.Text = ""
End Sub
TXTPhy.Text = ""

LBLPure.Caption = ""
LBLApp.Caption = ""
LBLChem.Caption = ""
LBLPhy.Caption = ""

LBLTotal.Caption = ""
LBLAvg.Caption = ""
End Sub

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2012 Question No.2 (Cont’d)
TXTPure_LostFocus()
a = Val(TXTPure.Text) If a <= 59 Then
If a > 100 Then LBLPure.Caption = "C"
MsgBox "Invalid Value", vbInformation + vbOKOnly, "?" Else
TXTPure.Text = "" If a <= 74 Then
End If LBLPure.Caption = "B"
Else
If a <= 25 Then LBLPure.Caption = "A"
LBLPure.Caption = "E" End If
Else End If
If a <= 35 Then End If
LBLPure.Caption = "F" End If
Else End If
If a <= 49 Then End Sub
LBLPure.Caption = "S"
Else

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2012 Question No.2 (Cont’d)
TXTApp_LostFocus()
b = Val(TXTApp.Text)
If b > 100 Then
MsgBox "Invalid Value", vbInformation + vbOKOnly, "?"
TXTApp.Text = "" If b <= 59 Then
End If LBLApp.Caption = "C"
Else
If b <= 25 Then If b <= 74 Then
LBLApp.Caption = "E" LBLApp.Caption = "B"
Else Else
If b <= 35 Then LBLApp.Caption = "A"
LBLApp.Caption = "F" End If
Else End If
If b <= 49 Then End If
LBLApp.Caption = "S" End If
Else End If

End Sub

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2012 Question No.2 (Cont’d)
Repeat the same steps for
c = val(txtchem.text)

&

d=val(txtphy.text)

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2012 Question No.2 (Cont’d)

CMDResult_Click() TXTApp_KeyPress
CMDResult_KeyPress
tot = a + b + c + d If KeyAscii = 13
If KeyAscii = 13 Then
avg = tot / 4 Then
CMDNew.SetFocus
LBLTotal.Caption = tot TXTChem.SetFocus
End If
LBLAvg.Caption = avg End If
End Sub
End Sub End Sub

TXTIndex_KeyPress TXTChem_KeyPress
If KeyAscii = 13 Then If KeyAscii = 13 Then
TXTPure.SetFocus TXTPhy.SetFocus
End If End If
End Sub End Sub

TXTPure_KeyPress TXTPhy_KeyPress
If KeyAscii = 13 Then If KeyAscii = 13 Then
TXTApp.SetFocus CMDResult.SetFocus
End If End If
End Sub End Sub

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 2012 Question No.3

TXTMNo

TXTMonth
TXTYear

TXTPre
TXTCur

CMDClose

CMDNew CMDSave CMDedit CMDDelete

CMDF CMDPre CMDNext CMDL

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2012 Question No.3 (Cont’d)

CMDNew_Click()
TXTMNo.Text = ""
TXTYear.Text = ""
TXTMonth.Text = ""
TXTCur.Text = ""
TXTPre.Text = ""
End Sub

CMDClose_Click()
Dim x As String
x = MsgBox("Are You sure want to exit ?", vbCritical + vbYesNo, "Confirm")
If x = vbYes Then
End
Else
CMDNew.SetFocus
End If
End Sub

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2012 Question No.3 (Cont’d)

General Dec
Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset

Form_Load()
Set db = OpenDatabase("electricity.mdb")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("SELECT * FROM
TBLMETER")
End Sub

Form_Activate()
TXTMNo.Text = rs("MeterNo")
TXTYear.Text = rs("BYear")
TXTMonth.Text = rs("BMonth")
TXTPre.Text = rs("PRead")
TXTCur.Text = rs("CRead")
End Sub
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2012 Question No.3 (Cont’d)
CMDF_Click()
rs.MoveFirst
TXTMNo.Text = rs("MeterNo")
TXTYear.Text = rs("BYear")
TXTMonth.Text = rs("BMonth")
TXTPre.Text = rs("PRead")
TXTCur.Text = rs("CRead")
End Sub
CMDP_Click()
rs.MovePrevious
If rs.BOF Then
MsgBox "First Record is reached"
rs.MoveFirst
Else
TXTMNo.Text = rs("MeterNo")
TXTYear.Text = rs("BYear")
TXTMonth.Text = rs("BMonth")
TXTPre.Text = rs("PRead")
TXTCur.Text = rs("CRead")
End If
End Sub
CMDL_Click()
rs.MoveLast
TXTMNo.Text = rs("MeterNo")
TXTYear.Text = rs("BYear")
TXTMonth.Text = rs("BMonth")
TXTPre.Text = rs("PRead")
TXTCur.Text = rs("CRead")
End Sub
CMDN_Click()
rs.MoveNext
If rs.EOF Then
MsgBox "Last record is reached"
rs.MoveLast
Else
TXTMNo.Text = rs("MeterNo")
TXTYear.Text = rs("BYear")
TXTMonth.Text = rs("BMonth")
TXTPre.Text = rs("PRead")
TXTCur.Text = rs("CRead")
End If
End Sub 60
2012 Question No.3 (Cont’d)

CMDDel_Click()
Dim RV As String
RV = MsgBox("Are You sure want to delete this record?", vbCritical + vbYesNo,
"Confirm")
If RV = vbYes Then
rs.Delete
Form1.Refresh
Else
CMDNew.SetFocus
End If CMDEdit_Click()
End Sub rs.Edit
rs("MeterNo") = TXTMNo.Text
rs("BYear") = TXTYear.Text
rs("BMonth") = TXTMonth.Text
rs("PRead") = TXTPre.Text
rs("CRead") = TXTCur.Text
rs.Update
MsgBox "Changes has been Saved Successfully",
vbInformation, "Info"
End Sub
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2012 Question No.3 (Cont’d)

CMDSave_Click()
rs.FindFirst "MeterNo= ' " & TXTMNo.Text & "'"
If rs.NoMatch = False Then
MsgBox "Duplicate Error has been detected", vbInformation, "Info"
Else
rs.AddNew
rs("MeterNo") = TXTMNo.Text
rs("BYear") = TXTYear.Text
rs("BMonth") = TXTMonth.Text
rs("PRead") = TXTPre.Text
rs("CRead") = TXTCur.Text
rs.Update
MsgBox "Record saved successfully", vbInformation, " !"
End If
End Sub

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2012 Question No.1

a) Strucured Programming
Structured programming is a program written with only the structured programming
constructions: (1) sequence, (2) repetition, and (3) selection.
Click Here for More Info
Add flour.
Add salt.
Add yeast.
Mix.
Add water.
Bake.
b) Form Caption

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2012 Question No.1 (Cont’d)

c) Labels

d) Dim Fname,Lname as String

Dim Age,Trate as Integer
Dim Status as Boolean

e) ^$&#*$*%

f) Mnu

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2012 Question No.1 (Cont’d)

g)

h) One

i) To get only the integer value ( or Data Validation )

j) A function returns a value whereas a subroutine does not. A function should not
change the values of actual arguments whereas a subroutine could change them 65
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