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Architecture
138323
Mahesh K Choudhary
Course Objective
Overview
Hardware system
Typical configurations
What does ZXG10-B8018 means?
ZXG1 0B801 8
Z X G 10 B 811 2
The Position of ZXG10-B8018 in GSM network
Centralized OMC
Outdoor
BTS 900/1800M
HLR
BSC Q3/DB/Cobra
VAS
PCU
BTS 1900M MSC GMSC
A
PLMN
BSC
BTS 850/EGSM
PCU SGSN GGSN
Gb
IP Network
Part A – Overview
Logical Structure
Data Modulated
Link Signal
B
ANTENNA
C B Demodulated R FEEDER
PROCESSOR
S Signal
M P F RF
C Control Signal
M U signal U
System System
Clock Clock
PDU
Hardware structure
ZXG10-B8018 (V1.0)
DTRU0
MMI
Abis A Um
BSC EIB/FIB CMB DTRU1 E
Interface Interface
. M
.
PDM .
Environment
Monitor DTRU9
FCM
Power
Internal communication interface (including control
Input
signaling, data flow, clock signal and so on)
Capacity: 18 TRX/rack
Largest site type: O54 or S18/18/18
Support 6 cells
Rack structure Ability of cascades: Support 4-level cascaded
networking
Support 8 E1/T1 interface
Physical Characteristics
Transcoding Functions
PLMN A PLMN B
Transcoding Transcoding
Function Function
MS/UE MS/UE
PLMN A PLMN B
Transcoding Transcoding
Function Function
MS/UE MS/UE
Compressed Speech
Encoding Decoding
What is DPCT?
What is DDT?
What is Four Way Diversity ??
Summary -
Reducing CAPEX
Powerful coverage capability
The big power output helps improve and extend the coverage area of the base station
as well as keep the number of sites to the minimum, saving the costs for main
equipment and supplementary resources.
DDT can increase network coverage without increasing power output; improve Mobile
Station (MS) receiving sensitivity and network capacity; and reduce the costs of network
optimization.
4-way receive diversity can be used to achieve additional uplink gain, and reduce MS
transmit power while boosting battery life. Dual Power Combining Transmission (DPCT)
is another technique to decrease CAPEX. In the initial network construction period,
DPCT can provide about 3dB transmit gain to extend the coverage area; the dual-
density TRX can be used as two TRX units to solve the capacity problem as traffic
grows.
Summary – Continued
Dynamic Abis means that time slots are dynamically mapped between the radio
channel and E1 channel at the Abis interface instead of being defined by Operation &
Maintenance Center-Radio (OMC-R), thus enabling more efficient use of Abis time
slots when packet-based services continue to grow.
Abis compression technology can achieve an industrial leading 15:1 compression
ratio, which means one E1 supports 15 TRXs transfers in the Abis interface. (*ring)
Abis over IP enables operators to use IP networks to connect the BSC and BTSs,
thereby saving on transport facility and reducing CAPEX. This technique also
supports capacity expansion as IP networks offer high bandwidth.
If 4-way receive diversity is performed in conjunction with either the DPCT or DDT
technique, a BTS can provide ultra-far coverage area.
Summary – Continued
Reducing OPEX
Lower power consumption and OPEX
For operators, power consumption reduction in base stations is an increasingly
important consideration as it means lowered cost, smaller heat dissipation and
improved reliability. With no air conditioning necessary and lower power
consumption, the ZXG10 8000 series BTSs can decrease site OPEX to new levels.
Under low traffic conditions, some TRX units can be shut down to save on power
consumption costs. The BTS will detect the power supply, and some TRX units will
be closed to extend battery service run time when the remaining battery power is
lower than the preset value.
Universal TRX module and control board
DTRU, main control and channel processing modules can be used in both indoor
and outdoor BTSs. These universal modules help lower the expenses for spare
parts, as well as the maintenance and networking costs.
Cabinet TOP
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
SATE
Whether to use the
SLAVE1_ SLAVE2_
satellite Abis link or
BTS_TYPE BTS_NO SATE ABIS_PORT ABIS_TS not
PORT PORT
0: Common Abis
SLAVE1_PORT
1: Satellite Abis
BTS_TYPE The E1 port of the basic ABIS_PORT
1100: B8018 cabinet to connect extended
O&M port number
1101: B8112 cabinet 1
00: Port A
00: Port E of the basic
1110: M8202
cabinet 01: Port B
1111: M8204
01: Port F of the basic 10: Port C
BTS_NO
cabinet 11: Port D
No. of the cabinet of
10: Port G of the basic ABIS_TS
the same site
cabinet The O&M LAPD
00: Basic cabinet
11: Port H of the basic timeslot on the Abis
01: Extended cabinet interface
cabinet 1 000: TS16
SLAVE2_PORT
10: Extended
The E1 port of the basic 001: TS31
cabinet 2
cabinet to connect extended 010: TS30
cabinet 2 011: TS29
00: Port E of the basic 100: TS28
cabinet
101: TS27
01: Port F of the basic
110: TS26
cabinet
111: TS25
10: Port G of the basic
cabinet
11: Port H of the basic
cabinet
Internal Circuit Connections
Power PDM
- 48 V
Input
Control
控制框
Frame Site IDID
8 M HW , clock
DIDB 站点 and intellegent
power ON / OFF
ABIS Interface ( 8 line 8 8 E路E
1 /1/TT 1
1
E 1 /T 1 or one 100
Mbps Ethernet ) EIB / FIB 8 MHW
Only applied on FIB CMB
Synchronization
clock I /O Power and interface control ( TDM Switching )
Monitor interface
LMT serial 、
interface , network interface
FCLK and 13 M Hz test clock
Fan
风机 3
3 DFCM
DFCM working power and alarm collection
Transceiver
Antenna frame 3
Feeder
DTRU1
DTRU0
DTRU2
AEM1
AEM2
AEM0
AEM 0 alarm + 12 V /- 12 V
AEM 1 alarm AEM 2 alarm
Fan
风机 3
3 DFCM
DTRU1
DTRU2
DTRU0
AEM1
AEM2
AEM0
AEM 0 alarm + 12 V /- 12 V
AEM 1 alarm AEM 2 alarm
Fan
风机 3
3 DFCM
D TRU1
DTRU2
DTRU0
A EM2
AEM1
AEM0
AEM 0 alarm + 12 V / - 12 V
AEM 1 alarm AEM 2 alarm
Part B - Software structure
dCMM
system power-on initialization
downloads all board software
operation, maintenance and
management
dCMM dFUC dCHP
dFUC and dCHP
service processing
baseband signal processing FIU
Abis
dTRX
FIU
connection with BSC BTS B8018 Software System
FI U
Abi s
dTRX
Alarm Switching
Status
MMI
Management
DFUC软件子系统
dFUC Software Sub-system
FIU Software
(High).
5. Red flashing at 4 Hz: HDLC link disconnection
(Low).
6. Red ON: Other alarms (such as temperature,
clock and frame number alarms)
EIB Functions
Bridge
Connection Relay
保
Protection
件
护
器
Device
EIB
8 E1/T1
变
压
器
Transformer
路
匹
配
电
Matching Circuit
Backplane
EIB Panel Structure
EIB
Function of PDM
PDM distributes the -48 V power to CMBs, DTRUs and FCMs, and
provides overload protection via circuit breakers. In addition to a circuit
breaker for each module, a main switch circuit breaker is placed at the -48
V input end on the top of the BTS cabinet.
TRM/ETRM1
. 12
Circuit
PWR breaker Filter . TRMs/
. ETRMs
- TRM/ETRM12
48V
CMM1
2 CMMs
CMM2
PWRGND
-48VGND
dTRU Functions
RXM1 Receiver 1
DTRUG
RXD1 Receiver 1 (for
TX1
diversity)
RXM1
TXcom RXM2 Receiver 2
RUN
RXM2
MOD ETP Extend Test Port
ACT1
RXD2
ACT2
STA
Identifier Full Name Meaning
RST
Channel activation
ACT1 Active
ETP
LED1
Channel activation
ACT2 Active
LED2
LED
Color Name Meaning Working Mode
Position
RX3
Cable
RX4
Alarms
RTE
forward reverse
optional Tx_out
TX1
VSWR_meter
50ohm TX2
Hybird_combiner
Alarms
CDU Functional Structure
Identification
Full Name Meaning
Symbol
Radio Test
RTE Radio test port
Equipment
Low-noise amplifier
RX1 Receiver 1
output port 1
Low-noise amplifier
RX2 Receiver 2
output port 2
Low-noise amplifier
Receiver for
RXD1 output port 1
Diversity1
(diversity)
Low-noise amplifier
Receiver for
RXD2 output port 2
Diversity2
(diversity)
ANT Antenna Antenna feeder port
Antenna for Antenna feeder port
ANTD
Diversity (diversity)
CEU Functional Structure
CEUG CEUG/2
OTX1
OTX1
ERX1
TX1
RX1
TX2
RX2
ERX2 OTX2
ERX2
OTX2
TX3
RX3
TX3
TX4
RX4
TX4
CEU CEU/2
CEU Functions
CENUG CENUG/3
RX1 RX1
OTX1 OTX1
RX2 RX2
RX3 RX3
TX3 TX3
RX6 RX6
TX4 TX4
ERX2 ERX2
RX7 RX7
TX5 TX5
RX8 RX8
TX6 TX6
CENU CENU/3
Structure of CENU and CENU/3
CENU/2 and CENU/4 panel
CENUG/2 CENUG/4
OTX1 OTX1
ERX1 ERX1
RX1 RX1
TX1 TX1
TX2 TX2
RX2 RX2
TX3 TX3
ERX2 ERX2
OTX2 OTX2
RX3 RX3
TX4 TX4
TX6 TX6
CENU/2 CENU/4
Structure of CENU/2 and CENU/4
Part D – Typical Configuration
Star
SITE 0
B SITE 1
S .
C .
.
SITEn
Since the signals goes through more links, the line reliability is
relatively poor than star networking
Tree
SITE 1
SITE 0
SITE 2
B
S
C
SITE n
Line reliability is relatively low,the fault from the upper levelsite can
Affect the proper running of the lower level site
BSC
SITE 0 SITE 1
SITE 2 SITE 3
All the nodes are connected in closed loop, it can span larger distances
then other types of networks. The reliability is higher; as it strays connect with the BSC through the other end, if
the link is broken from one place.
A D D D A A
E T T T E E
M R R R M M
U U U
FCM
A D D D A A
E T T T E E
M R R R M M
U U U
Part E – Site Configuration
Four-way diversity
Using ECDUs
O1 configuration
Two-way diversity
Using CDUs
O1 Implementation – Boards
TMA
TMA
CDU DTRU CDU
TX1
RXM2
RX2 RX2
RX3 RX3
RX4 RX4
ERX1 ERX1
ERX2 ERX2
O2 Implementation Through Combiner
TX/RX TX/ RX
TX1 TX2 ETX RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX2 ERX1 TX1 TX2 ETX RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX2 ERX1
DTRU
O2 Configuration -Board
RXM2
RX2 RX2
RX3 RX3
RX4 RX4
ERX1 ERX1
ERX2 ERX2
O2 Implementation Not Through Combiner
TX/RX TX/RX
TMA TMA
ANT ANT
CDU CDU
TX1 TX2 ETX RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX2 ERX1 TX1 TX2 ETX RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX2 ERX1
DTRU
O2 Configuration - Not Through Combiner
T MA
TMA CDU DTRU CDU
TX1
RXM2
RX2 RX2
RX3 RX3
RX4 RX4
ERX1 ERX1
ERX2 ERX2
O4 Configurations
TX/RX TX/RX
RTE
TX2 TX2 TX2
RTE
TX2
TX1 TX2 ETX RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX2 ERX1 TX1 TX2 ETX RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX2 ERX1
RXM2 RXM2
RX2 RX2
RX3 RX3
RX4 RX4
ERX1 ERX1
TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2 TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2
ERX2 ERX2
DTRU DTRU
O4 Configuration
TX/RX TX/RX
ANT ANT
CDU CDU
TX1 TX2 ETX RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX2 ERX1 TX1 TX2 ETX RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX2 ERX1
TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2 TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2
DTRU DTRU
O4 Configuration –Board Implementation
ETX
1 RXM
1 RXM
1 ETX1
TX1 TX- COM TX- COM TX1
RXD
1 RXD
1
RXM
2 RXM
2
ANT RXD
2 RXD
2 ANT
RX1 RX1
RX2 RX2
RX3 RX3
RX4 RX4
ERX
1 ERX
1
ERX
2 ERX
2
O6 Configuration Using CEU/2
TX/RX TX/RX
ANT ANT
CDU CDU
CDU DTRU DTRU DTRU CEU/2 CDU
ERX1 TX1 TX2 ETX RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX1 ERX2 TX1 TX2 ETX RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 ERX1 ERX2
TX1 TX1 TX1 OTX1
ETX1 RXM1 RXM1 RXM1 ETX1
TX- COM TX- COM TX- COM TX1
TX1 TX1
RXD1 RXD1 RXD1 RX1
TX2
TX2 OTX1 OTX2 ERX1 ERX2
RTE
TX2 TX2 TX2 RX2 RTE
TX2 CEU/2
RX4
RX3 RX4
TX4
ERX1 ERX1
RX4
ERX2 ERX2
TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2 TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2
DTRU DTRU
O6 Configuration Using CENU/4
TX/RX TX/RX
TX2
TX2
TX2 TX2 TX2 RX2 TX2
RTE RTE
OTX1 OTX2 CENU/4 ERX1 ERX2
TX3
RXM2 RXM2 RXM2
TX1 TX2 TX3 TX4 TX5 TX6 RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4
ANT RXD2 RXD2 RXD2 ANT
RX1 ERX2 RX1
OTX2 TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2
RX2 RX2
DTRU
RX3 TX4 RX3
RX4
RX3 RX4
TX5
ERX1 ERX1
RX4
TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2 TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2
ERX2 TX6 ERX2
DTRU DTRU
O8 Configuration
TX/RX TX/RX
RX4
RX3 RX4
TX5
ERX1
RX4 ERX1 OTX1 OTX2 CEU ERX1 ERX2 OTX1 OTX2 CEU ERX1 ERX2
ERX2 ERX2
TX1 TX2 TX3 TX4 RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 TX1 TX2 TX3 TX4 RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4
CEU DTRU
ERX1
OTX1 TX1
RXM1
TX1 TX-COM
RX1 RXD1
TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2 TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2
TX2 TX2
RX2
DTRU DTRU
RXM2
RXD2
ERX2
OTX2
TX4
TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2 TX1 TX2 TXCOM RXM1 RXD1 RXM2 RXD2
RX3
TX5 DTRU DTRU
RX4
TX/RX TX/RX
RX1 RX1
CDU RX2
RX3
RX2
RX3
CDU
TX1 TX2 ERX1 ERX2 RX4 RX4 TX1 TX2 ERX1 ERX2
O8 OTX1 OTX1
CEU
EX1
RX4
OTX1 OTX1
CEU
TX1 TX2 TX3 TX4 RX1 RX2
EX1 EX2
RX3 RX4
Range 40 V DC (Minimum)
57 V DC (Maximum)
Parameters Values
Characteristic
s
TRM (×18) 120 W per TRM
Characteristics
Values
Mean Time Between Failures 6.3×10000 hours(7 Yrs)
(MTBF)
The product successfully passed the CE certification. It complies with international standards
related to personal safety, electromagnetic security (EMC) and wireless frequency spectrum.
RF Indices
Output power-ZXG10 8018 supports 40W power for 8PSK and 60W for
GMSK
Static sensitivity-the static receiving sensitivity of ZXG10 8018 reaches up
to -112 dbm. The high sensitivity guarantees the uplink channel
performance and is one of the prerequisites for a wide coverage
Working Modes
Work Mode Description
Dual carrier mode No Four-way diversity configuration, no DPCT setting
configuration. DTRU can configure both the left and the
right sub boards.
Odd carrier modes Odd carrier with 4-way Only configure Four-way diversity. DTRU only configures the
diversity reception left sub board, and the right sub board has no data
configuration.
Odd carrier with 4-way Four-way diversity plus DPCT. DTRU only configures the left
diversity reception and sub boards, and the right sub board has no data
DPCT configuration.
IRC