The effects of burning

Start of During/End My evidence for a  is….

Success Criteria… Lesson of Lesson
     
I can state what is
needed for
combustion.
(Level 1+)

I can compare
complete and
incomplete
combustion.
(Level 2)
I can explain what is
meant by the
conservation of mass.
(Level 2+)
 Combustion
Many ______ like coal, oil and gas contain the
element _______ and _______ – they are called
hydrocarbons.

When __________ react with oxygen

they________. This is an __________reaction.

fuels oxidation
hydrogen hydrocarbons
carbon combust
 Combustion
Many fuels like coal, oil and gas contain the
element hydrogen and carbon – they are called
hydrocarbons.

When hydrocarbons react with oxygen they

combust. This is an oxidation reaction.
 The effects of burning
Hint 2
Which of these is the 1) Make a statement about what the
fuel reacting with? triangle shows

2) Now try to convert the fire triangle to a

word equation to show what is happening
during burning.

_______+ _______  ______ + ______

Hint 1
Any of the fractions Hint 3
from crude oil could What is always made when you burn
be a fuel things
 The effects of burning
Hint 2
Which of these is the 1) Make a statement about what the triangle
fuel reacting with? shows

2) Now try to convert the fire triangle to a word

equation to show what is happening during
burning.

FUEL + OXYGEN  CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER

Hint 1
Hint 3
Any of the fractions
What is always made when you burn
from crude oil could
things
be a fuel
 What is happening?
1) Methane is the fuel (Draw methane then write its formula)
Hydrocarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide + water

CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O

+ O=O O=C=O + H-O-H

+ +

2) Make molymod models to show combustion but try

balance the number of atoms on both sides
 What is happening?
1) Methane is the fuel (Draw methane then write its formula)
Hydrocarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide + water

CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2 H2O

+ O=O O=C=O + H-O-H

+ +
 What is happening?
1) Ethane is the fuel (Draw methane then write its formula)
Hydrocarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
C2H6 + O2 CO2 + H2O

+ O=O O=C=O + H-O-H

+ +

2) Make molymod models to show combustion but try

balance the number of atoms on both sides
 What is happening?
1) Ethane is the fuel (Draw methane then write its formula)
Hydrocarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
2 C2H6 + 7 O2 4 CO2 + 6 H2O

+ O=O O=C=O + H-O-H

+ +
 Fires without enough oxygen

What is the difference ?

Fires with enough oxygen

 Incomplete combustion

Causes
breathing
problems

Causes black smoke = soot to be

formed. This is pure carbon.
It also forms carbon monoxide.

Why is CO so harmful for humans?

How are they different?
 Carbon monoxide
Toxic chemical

You breathe it in – you die

Your red blood cells preferentially

bond to carbon monoxide rather
than oxygen so if you breathe even a
small amount in, your red blood
cells absorb carbon monoxide. As a
result your blood has less or very
little oxygen in it – you die.
 What happens if an impurity gets into
the fuel?
Water and carbon dioxide are

invisible odourless gases.

Sometimes impurities are in the fuel.

This can make the fuel smell

When Sulphur is in the fuel

Sulphur + oxygen  sulphur dioxide

Sulphur dioxide causes acid rain

 Write a word equation to show
incomplete combustion

Fuel + oxygen  _____

carbon + _____
carbon monoxide water
_____ + ____
Trees killed by acid rain

Fish in rivers killed

by acid rain

Statues weathered by
acid rain
 Acid rain
• Caused by sulphur impurities in fuels

• This causes sulphur dioxide to form during combustion

• The sulphur dioxide dissolves in rain to make acid rain

What do these pictures show?

Discuss with your neighbour

 Practical
1. Add a small amount of steel wool to a crucible
2. Find and record the mass of the steel wool and the crucible.
3. Heat the crucible over a Bunsen burner inside the clay pipe triangle.
4. Observe any changes to the steel wool. Beware it is HOT
5. Once the steel has finished burning, switch off the Bunsen burner.
6. Allow the crucible to cool.
7. Measure and record the mass of the crucible and its contents again.
Mass of Mass of Change in Observations during
crucible and crucible and mass burning
steel wool contents (+ or –) (g)
before burning after burning
(g) (g)
 Mass of Mass of Chang Observations Mass of Mass of Chang Observations
crucible crucible e in during burning crucible crucible e in during burning
and steel and mass and steel and mass
wool contents (+ or –) wool contents (+ or –)
before after (g) before after (g)
burning burning burning burning
(g) (g) (g) (g)

Mass of Mass of Chang Observations Mass of Mass of Chang Observations

crucible crucible e in during burning crucible crucible e in during burning
and steel and mass and steel and mass
wool contents (+ or –) wool contents (+ or –)
before after (g) before after (g)
burning burning burning burning
(g) (g) (g) (g)