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•Nutrition
•Life style
• Behavioural Factors
•Tobacco use
• Alcohol Use
• Radiation
Female Male
•Lead poisoning •Lead reduces sex
reduces conception drive, sperm count
rates, associated •Pesticides reduce
with fetal wastage sperm count
Tobacco Use & Infertility
Female Male
Ovarian failure Testicular damage or
cancer
Fetal wastage
Chromosomal
Fetal damage aberrations
Physical Exertion / Heat & Infertility
Women
Women Men
Men
Athletes
Athletesmay
may Frequent
Frequentheat
heatexposure
exposure
experience
experiencereversible
reversible can
cantemporarily
temporarilyreduce
reduce
amenorrhea
amenorrheawithout
without sperm
spermproduction,
production,such
such
long-term
long-termeffects
effects asaswelders,
welders,fire
firefighters,
fighters,
and
andceramic
ceramicworkers.
workers.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases &
Infertility
2.3 million
Chlamydia: Pelvic inflammatory Disease
infertile couples