DISCUSSION TEXT

Team 4
PUJI DWI RAHAYU (16540002)

KHAIRUNNISA (16540004)

FATKHADIINA NURI AZKA (16540005)

FAIZZATIN YUSRAINING W (16540006)

NUR KHALISH KAHAR (16540015)

RIFKI RIZKI HADI (16540025)

LAILATUL MAGFIROH FIDIANA (16540026)

M. AMIWUL WILDAN (16540032)

SEPTIEN AYU CHAYANI W (16540036)

M. ALZEAN FAUZYL M (16540038)

FATHUL ARIFIN MOIS (16540039)

Definition

• Discussion Text is a writing that

presents a probelocratic problem,
containing elements of pro and contra
 Generic Structure
 ISSUE  ARGUMEN AGAINSI

 ARGUMEN FOR  CONCLUTION OR RECOMENDATION

1. ISSUE
Stating the issue which is to discussed
2. ARGUMENT FOR
Presenting other in supporting the presented issues
3. ARGUMENT AGAINTS
Presenting other points disagree to the supporting point
4. RECOMENDATION
Stating the writer recommendation of the discourse
EXAMPLE
 1. Isssue

EXAMPLE 1 :

Deflation, in simple terms, is erosion in the prices of products

and services by way of reduced demand. It can spiral even further, as
businesses chase that limited demand with even lower prices. For the
consumer, the lower prices may seem like a benefit, especially
following a period of prolonged inflation or when wages are stagnant
or falling. In a deflationary environment, those who have borrowed
funds from lending institutions are now reluctant (or unable) to repay
the money they borrowed. Also, stocks, bonds and real estate that
would not be in the market during an inflationary environment may be
unloaded below actual value. For this reason, the Federal Reserve
wages a constant battle against inflation using monetary policy, with
the fear of deflation in mind.
EXAMPLE 2:
The communicative purpose of the Discussion Text itself is to
present a problem or issue that is reviewed at least from two points
of view, before arriving at a conclusion or recommendation by caram
presenting an issue or information by exposing some of the opinions
of experts in their field and usually the opinions expressed is
contradictory (pros and cons). So discussion is to present arguments
and information about a discourse from a different point of view.
EXAMPLE 3:
Today, the World Bank functions as an international
organization that fights poverty by offering developmental assistance
to middle-income and low-income countries. By giving loans and
offering advice and training in both the private and public sectors, the
World Bank aims to eliminate poverty by helping people help
themselves
 2. Argument for
EXAMPLE 1:
Consider this hypothetical, yet feasible, case: The economy
experiences a prolonged period of exponential technological
innovations-an intense price competition led by low-price retailers
and, subsequently, a prolonged period of cheap capital to leverage,
and relatively loose lending standards. This scenario could lead to a
sustained rise in the supply of goods as they become cheaper to
manufacture, and an oversupply of products available to consumers
as well as those who supply them. Taking just that information, this
deflationary situation looks good for consumers: cheaper products,
more variety and more providers to serve them. This brings us back
to the inability to study deflationary periods in modern times, and can
even suggest that the deflation experienced during the Depression
may have been an anomaly.
EXAMPLE 2:
This results in excessive expenditure in the execution of
projects, and substandard or failed projects, leading to overall
inefficiency in the use of resources. Public procurement is
perhaps most vulnerable to fraud and corruption due to the large
size of financial flows involved. It’s estimated that in most
countries, public procurement constitutes between 15% and 30%
of gross domestic product (GDP).
EXAMPLE 3:
The World Bank gets its funding from rich countries as well
as from the issuance of bonds on the world's capital markets.
 3. Argumen against
EXAMPLE 1
Deflation carries with it a bad stigma, and it most likely
haunts the Federal Reserve every time a change in the direction
of interest rates is made. One of the major issues with the
theories of the negative impact of deflation is that there really
isn't much historical data on the subject to study. Empirical
studies lend considerably more credence when they are based
on long-term periods with multiple observations of events to
study. With only one, perhaps two, substantial deflationary
period in modern history, it is very easy to consider the potential
positive effects of deflation.
EXAMPLE 2:
In best practice, companies choose their suppliers via tender
processes (requests for tender or requests for proposal), which serve
as mechanisms to enable the selection of suppliers offering the best
combination of price and quality. This ensures the efficient allocation
of resources
EXAMPLE 3:
The opponents believe that, due to the fundamental structure
of the Bank, the already existing imbalance between the world's rich
and poor is only exacerbated. The system allows the largest
shareholders to dominate the vote, resulting in WBG policies being
decided by the rich but implemented by the poor. This can result in
policies that are not in the best interests of the developing country in
question, whose political, social and economic policies will often have
to be molded around WBG resolutions.
 4. Conclution
EXAMPLE 1:
The consensus among policymakers and economists is that
the threat of deflation alone is a concern. And the limited amount of
data available to study, along with the somewhat ambiguous nature of
deflation itself, are only a couple of the hurdles involved with studying
its effects. It's possible that, like a swinging pendulum, a deflationary
environment pauses briefly before swinging the other way. This may
be why there is such a large gap between deflationary periods and
also may explain why they seem all but nonexistent these days. Or
maybe policymakers have simply been doing an excellent job in
deterring the cycle. Either way, it's possible that some deflation may
be a normal part of our economic cycle and is not always such a bad
thing.
EXAMPLE 2:
Many countries with emerging economies suffer from a high
level of corruption that slows their overall development. The entire
society is affected as a result of the inefficient allocation of resources,
the presence of a shadow economy, and low-quality education and
healthcare. Corruption thus makes these societies worse off and
lowers the living standards of most of their populations.
EXAMPLE 3:
Many countries with emerging economies suffer from a high
level of corruption that slows their overall development. The entire
society is affected as a result of the inefficient allocation of resources,
the presence of a shadow economy, and low-quality education and
healthcare. Corruption thus makes these societies worse off and
lowers the living standards of most of their populations.
LANGUAGE FEATURE
• Using simple present tense.
• Many use the word opinion (opinion).
• Many make comparisons.
• Many reveal the facts about a thing.
• Using capital, such as must, should, would, may, can, etc.
• Focus on human and non-human generic participants.
• Using discussion language: according, opinion.
• Using thinking verbs, like feel, hope, believe, think, etc.
• Using additives, contrastive, and casual connections (such as
similiary, however, furthermore, on the othe hand, moreover, in
addition, but, nevertheless, in other side and its consequences
cause effect), for example: so, then, etc.
 PURPOSE
The communicative purpose of the Discussion Text itself
is to present a problem or issue that is reviewed at least from
two points of view, before arriving at a conclusion or
recommendation by caram presenting an issue or information
by exposing some of the opinions of experts in their field and
usually the opinions expressed is contradictory (pros and
cons). So discussion is to present arguments and information
about a discourse from a different point of view.