SCULPTURE

Sculpture
Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. It is one of
the plastic arts. Durable sculptural processes originally used carving (the removal of
material) and modelling (the addition of material, as clay),
in stone, metal, ceramics, wood and other materials but, since Modernism, there has
been an almost complete freedom of materials and process. A wide variety of
materials may be worked by removal such as carving, assembled by welding or
modelling, or molded, or cast.
 History of sculpture
• Early carved human figurine are known from the cordilleras. Still
today, the bulols, or "Ifugao rice Gods," are kept in the house or
granary, and are usually made in pairs. They are carved of narra
wood, which represents wealth, happiness, and well-being. Every
step in their production requires a ceremony, from tree selection
to arrival at the owner's house. A consecrated bulol has been
bathed in pig's blood, had myths recited to it, and received
offerings of wine, ritual boxes, and rice cakes.
• The carvings brought to the Philippines by early Arab and Russian
missionaries were of beveled type as the slanting type called
Okkil. Although the word literally means XXX it is not confined to
carving alone but also refers to design.
 History of sculpture
• A familiar example of sculpture with the integration of
architecture is the Art Deco Style of the Metropolitan
Theater at Liwasang Bonifacio completed by Juan Arellano
in 1931.
• Woodcarving comes in ornamental form in the houses of
the Maranao like that of the "torogan" which features the
"panolong", an extended beam carved with the Sarimanok
or the Naga design.
• Napoleon V. Abueva is known as the "Father of Modern
Philippine Sculpture". He was born in Tagbilaran, Bohol in
1930. In 1951, he won the Pura Villanueva-Kalaw
scholarship and finished Bachelor of Arts in Sculpture in
University of the Philippines in 1953.
 History of sculpture
Philippine sculptures have undergone changes in terms of
shape, form, content as well as the mediums used. First
sculptures were primitive and native materials used are
stones and clays. During that time, sculptures created
depicted normal life and acts of worship and colors were also
limited.
Ethnic sculpture has been done using traditional media of
wood and stone, by carving, molding using clays and casting
when using metals. Carving involves removing of materials
from the wood or stone. Wood carving has been a part of the
ancient tradition of Malay wood carving in Southeast Asia
The transitional sculpture movements in the Philippines from
primitive to the modern ones were influenced by foreign
cultures and internal evolutions.
Sculpture is created in four basic ways:

• Carving
• Modeling
• Casting
• Construction
 Carving:
Subtractive process: material
is removed
Mainly wood and stone
(marble)
 Modeling:
Additive process: material is
added
Clay, wax, plaster, paper-mache
Casting: a mold is used to form
molten bronze(or other
material) into a desired shape.
Construction: welding,
gluing, nailing materials
together.
National Artist for
Visual Arts
 Napoleon Abueva
1930-
Year of Conferment: 1976
Born in Tagbiliran, Bohol, Napoleon Abueva is
considered the Father of modern Philippine
Sculpture. Abueva is also the youngest
awardee to receive the National Artist award.
He is the man behind famous artwork such as
The Transfiguration at the Eternal Gardens
Memorial Park, the Water Buffalo and the
bronze image of Teodoro M. Kalaw found in
facade of the National Library. The death
mask of famous personalities such as Benigno
Aquino, Jr. and Fernando Poe, Jr. are also
credit to this talented national artist.
THE TRANSFIGURATION AT THE
ETERNAL GARDEN MEMORIAL
PARK
THE DEATH MASK OF
BENIGO AQUINO JR.
THE DEATH MASK OF
FERNANDO POE, JR.
Guillermo Estrella Tolentino
His works include the UP
oblation, and the Bonifacio
monument in Caloocan City.
His other works include
bronze pictures of President
Manuel Quezon, busts of
Jose Rizal, and a marble
statue of Pres. Ramon
Magsaysay which is installed
in the GSIS building. He also
did the official seal of the
Republic of the Philippines.
 bronze pictures of President Manuel Quezon

Bronze Pictures Of President Manuel Quezon

Busts Of Jose Rizal
Eduardo Castrillo

(born October 31, 19A2) is an award

winning Filipino sculptor. He was born
in Santa Ana, Manila, the youngest of
five children of Santiago Silva Castrillo,
a jeweler, and Magdalena De Los
Santos, a leading actress in
Zarzuelas and Holy Weekpageants in
Makati, Philippines. Castrillo was a
Republic Cultural Heritage awardee.
He is also a jewelry artist and
designer. His works are mostly large
welded metal sculptures displayed at
the Manila Memorial Park.
Colossal Growth
Ben-Hur Villanueva

is a Filipino sculptor, painter,

educator, lecturer, and
art entrepreneur based in Baguio City,
and was one of the artists who first
established the Baguio Arts Guild. He
has also served as a president for the
Society of Philippine Sculptors (SPS),
as Art director for the Ephpheta
Foundation for the Blind, Inc., and as
vice president-treasurer for Unesco’s
International Art Association (IAA).
Rey Paz Contreras

(born August 31, 1950) is a

prominent Filipino sculptor
working with urban refuse
and environmental materials as
artistic media. He is inspired by
the indigenous Filipino
culture and creates visual forms
of contemporary images that
explore a distinct Filipino
aesthetics. Contreras’ pioneered
the exercise of travieza or
hardwood railroad tracks through
the late 70s.
The Trees