Analysing rate of reaction

• state what rate of reaction is,

• identify observable changes to reactants or
products for determining rate of reaction,
• determine average rate of reaction,
• determine the rate of reaction at any given time
from a graph,
• solve numerical problems involving average rate
of reaction,
• solve numerical problem involving rate of
reaction at any given time.
Study the following reactions
HCl + Mg → MgCl2 + H2

•What happened to HCl and Mg?

•What happened to H2?
 After reactions, are there any
changes in…
• The volume or mass of reactants?
• Volume or mass of product?
• Height of precipitate?
• colour, pH, temperature, or electrical
conductivity?
• Observe how long does the reaction occur
• Determine the rate of reaction by
measuring how quickly these changes
happen.
 What is rate of reaction?
• The measurement of the speed of reaction
• Can be defined as the change in amount
of reactant or product against time
 THE PRODUCTION OF GAS
• Rate of reaction is the change in volume of
gas against time
 THE REDUCTION IN MASS OF
REACTANT
• The change in mass of reactant against
time
REACTION RATE OF EXAMPLE
REACTION
Fast High Mg reacts with HCl
Slow Low Photosynthesis
How to determine rate of reaction?
• Average rate of reaction
– (rate of reaction over an interval time)

• Instantaneous rate of reaction

– (rate of reaction at a given time)
Average....
 AVERAGE RATE OF REACTION

• How fast a reaction progresses over an

interval time ( a period between 2 points of
time)
• Taken by determining the reduction of the
reactant or the increase of the product
after a certain period of time
Average rate of reaction = Change in amount of
reactant or product

Time taken for the

change to occur
 Average rate of reaction
60 cm3
=
180 s

= 0.33 cm3 s-1

At any given time
(let’s say…95 second?)
 INSTANTANEOUS RATE OF
REACTION

• The rate of reaction that happens at any

given time
• Can be obtained from the gradient of
tangent on the graph of the change in
amount of the reactant or the product
against time
Instantaneous rate of reaction = Gradient of tangent on
graph
 GRAF GRAPH
ISIPADU GAS
OF VOLUME MELAWAN
OF GAS AGAINST TIMEMASA

70
60
gas / cm3 3

click here
Klik di sini
volume of GAS/cm

50
40
ISIPADU

30
20
10
0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
MASA/saat
Time/ second
 GRAF GRAPH
ISIPADU GAS MELAWAN MASA
OF VOLUME OF GAS AGAINST TIME

70
60
/ cm3 3
GAS/cm

50
volume of gas

40
ISIPADU

30
20
10
0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Time/ second
MASA/saat
 GRAF GRAPH
ISIPADU GAS MELAWAN MASA
OF VOLUME OF GAS AGAINST TIME

70
60
/ cm3 3
GAS/cm

50
volume of gas

40
ISIPADU

30
20
10
0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Time/ second
MASA/saat
 GRAF GRAPH
ISIPADU GAS MELAWAN MASA
OF VOLUME OF GAS AGAINST TIME

70
60
/ cm3 3
GAS/cm

54
50
volume of gas

40
ISIPADU

30
2018
10
0 40 135
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Time/ second
MASA/saat
Rate of reaction at 95 second
54 - 18 cm3
=
135 - 40 s

36 cm3
=
95 s

= 0.379 cm3s-1