Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Michael G. Simpson
What is Nomenclature?
Assignment of plant names utilizing a formal system.
Legitimate Names
in accordance with the rules of the ICN
Illegitimate Names
violate one or more rules of the ICN
How are changes to the ICN made?
International Botanical Congress
Last held in Melbourne, Australia - July 2011.
Next: Shenzhen, China, 23–29 July 2017.
What are the Principles of Plant Nomenclature?
Rules = required
In Latin language
What is position?
Placement as a member of a taxon of the next higher rank
E.g., Aster & Rosa of same rank (genus) but different positions
(Asteraceae & Rosaceae)
What are the ranks?
Kingdom (various) Plantae
Phylum [Division] -phyta Magnoliophyta
Subphylum [Subdivision] -phytina Magnoliophytina
Class -opsida Magnoliopsida
Subclass -idae Asteridae
Superorder -anae, [-iflorae] Asteranae
Order -ales Asterales
Suborder -ineae Asterineae
Family -aceae Asteraceae
Subfamily -oideae Asteroideae
Tribe -eae Heliantheae
Subtribe -inae Helianthinae
Genus (various) Helianthus
Subgenus (various) Helianthus
Section (various) Helianthus
Species (various) Helianthus annuus
Subspecies (various) Helianthus annuus ssp. annuus
Variety (various) Helianthus annuus var. annuus
Major Rank Endings:
How to correct?
Nomina familiarum conservanda
Nomina generica conservanda et rejicienda
Nomina species conservanda
Two reasons for name change?
Type
Name changes:
Name may be changed in position:
Author(s) in parentheses?
Person(s) who named basionym. Retained!
Basionym
E.g., Sedum variegata S. Watson was transferred to the genus
Dudleya by Moran, new species name is:
As of 1 Jan 2012:
Electronic material published online in Portable Document
Format (PDF) with an International Standard Serial
Number (ISSN) or an International Standard Book
Number (ISBN) will constitute effective publication
What are the main criteria of valid publication?
2) Name must be published in the correct form, properly
Latinized with the correct rank ending.
As of 1 Jan 2012:
A description or diagnosis may be in either Latin or
English.
What are the main criteria of valid publication?
Why rejected?
1) because illegitimate.
2) because of taxonomic judgement.
Two types of synonyms:
1) Homotypic (nomenclatural) – based on the same
type specimen
E.g., Cryptantha decipiens (M. E. Jones) A. Heller
[Krynitzkia decipiens M. E. Jones]
What is a tautonym?
= binomial in which genus and specific epithets are identical
in spelling.
Tautonyms are not permitted by the ICN!
E.g.,
Boraginaceae s.l. includes the families Hydrophyllaceae,
Ehretiaceae, Heliotropaceae, Cordiaceae, and others
Boraginaceae s.s. does not (those families are separate)
Abbreviations
"x" = a hybrid.
E.g., Salvia xpalmeri (A. Gray) Greene
= S. apiana x S. clevelandii.
Morus
Ficus