08 Directional Valves

CHAPTER 8
DIRECTIONAL VALVES
Three-Position Valve
Three Position Valve with Transition Condition
Figure 8-1 Graphic symbol for 3-position directional valve
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Basic
Check Valve
Ball Type
No Flow
Free Flow
Figure 8-2 A check valve is a one-way valve. Ball type is shown

Poppet Type
No Flow
Free Flow
Figure 8-3 In-line poppet type check valve operation
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Right Angle Check
Figure 8-4 Typical right angle check valve

Right Angle Check
With Orifice
Figure 8-5 Restriction check valve operation

Pilot-Operated Check
Figure 8.6 Pilot-to-open check valve

PO
Check Valve
Small poppet
unseals first
Then larger
poppet opens
Figure 8-7 Operation of pilot-operated check valve with decompression poppet

Drain Drain
Pilot Pilot
Free Flow Blocked Flow
Figure 8-8 Pilot-to-close check valve operation

Pilot pressure holds valve When the pump stops, the
closed while pump is running valve opens, discharging
the accumulator to tank
Figure 8-9 Automatic accumulator discharge circuit

A B A B A B
P T
T P T T P T
Figure 8-10 Two position, three-way spool valve

A B A B A B
P T
T P T T P T
Figure 8-11 Two-position, four-way spool type valve

Spring Offset
A B
P T
T B P A
Figure 8-12 Four-way, two position valve

Spring Centered Valve
A B
P T
T B P A
Figure 8-13 Spring-centered valve is a three-position valve

Spring Offset
A B
P T
T B P A
Figure 8-14 Two-position, four-way valve is spring offset

A B
P T
T B P A
Figure 8-15 Three-position, four-way detented valve

A B A B
P T P T
Closed
Center Float
Center
A P B T A P B T
A B A B
P T P T
Open Tandem
Center Center
A P B T A P B T
Figure 8-16 Four-way valve center condition

A B
P T
T B P A
Figure 8-17 Manually (lever) actuated, three position, four-way valve with spring centering
A B Cam
P T
T B P A
Figure 8-18 Mechanically actuated (cam roller) four-way valve

A B
P T
Pilot Pilot
Air In Air Out
T B P A
Figure 8-19 Pneumatically actuated four-way valve

A B
P T
Pilot Pilot
Oil In Oil Out
T B P A
Figure 8-20 Hydraulically actuated, pilot-operated valve

Coil
AMPS Push Pin
Armature
A/C
A P B T
Figure 8-21 Push-type solenoids commonly used to shift spools of small valves

AMPS
A/C
A P B T
Figure 8-22 Armature is pulled into electromagnetic force of the solenoid, shifting the valve spool
Dynamic Seal O-Ring
Armature
Manual Override
Coil
Push Pin
Figure 8-23 Air gap solenoid design

Core Tube
Push Pin Armature
N S Manual Override
N S
Figure 8-24 Wet armature solenoid design

In-rush Current
Current
Holding Current
Time
Figure 8-25 In-rush and holding current of energized coil

Pilot Stage
Main Stage
X T A P B Y
External Pilot Pressure External Drain
Figure 8-26 Typical solenoid controlled, pilot operated valve (two-stage valve)
A B A B y
X P T X P T
75 psi
75 psi External pilot Internal pilot
pressure via the pressure via
X port internal
passageways
in the
valve body
Figure 8-27 Left: External pilot check valve Right: Return line pilot pressure check valve
Drain Plug Placement
P
B
A T
Y PORT
Figure 8-28 Plug options for internal/external drain for pilot valve

X T A P B Y
Pilot Pressure / Load Drop Check Valve
Figure 8-29 Integral pilot pressure check valve

External Internal
Operation A A B B Operation A B
x P T y
x y
X
X
P T P T
AB A B
A B y A B
X P T P T
Figure 8-30 Variations of two-stage valve symbols

Pilot Plug
P
Placements
B
A T
P PORT
X PORT
Figure 8-31 Plug options for pilot pressure supply

Pilot chokes slow down
Adjustable the main stage spool
flow controls shifting speed, reducing
system shock
X T A P B Y
Figure 8-32 Pilot choke mounted on valve
Small volume
pin speeds
the spool
shift
X T A P B Y
Figure 8-33 Pilot piston speeds spool shifting

Adjustable
flow controls
Stroke Limiters
X T A P B Y
Figure 8-34 Stroke limiter option

D03 / NG 6 D07 / NG16
T
T P
A B X
P
A B
Y
D05 / NG10
P
A B D010 / NG 32
T T
T P Y
D08 / NG 25
T P
Y X A B
A B
X
Figure 8-35 Pattern interface terminology for mounting standards

Prox Sensor
Pilot to close
Pilot to open
From tank
From system
gate
Main ram
Figure 8-36 High flow position of a pre-fill valve

Prox Sensor
From system
gate
Pilot to close
Pilot to open
From tank
Main ram
Figure 8-37 High pressure position of a pre-fill valve

Inlet 1 Inlet 2
Floating Ball
Outlet
Inlet 1 Inlet 2
Outlet
Figure 8-38 Shuttle valve and symbol


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CHAPTER 8

Three Position Valve with Transition Condition

Figure 8-1 Graphic symbol for 3-position directional valve

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Figure 8-2 A check valve is a one-way valve. Ball type is shown

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Figure 8-3 In-line poppet type check valve operation

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Figure 8-4 Typical right angle check valve

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Figure 8-5 Restriction check valve operation

Figure 8.6 Pilot-to-open check valve

Figure 8-7 Operation of pilot-operated check valve with decompression poppet

Free Flow Blocked Flow

Figure 8-8 Pilot-to-close check valve operation

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Figure 8-9 Automatic accumulator discharge circuit

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Figure 8-10 Two position, three-way spool valve

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Figure 8-11 Two-position, four-way spool type valve

Figure 8-12 Four-way, two position valve

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Figure 8-16 Four-way valve center condition

Figure 8-18 Mechanically actuated (cam roller) four-way valve

Figure 8-19 Pneumatically actuated four-way valve

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Figure 8-23 Air gap solenoid design

Figure 8-24 Wet armature solenoid design

Figure 8-25 In-rush and holding current of energized coil

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COPYRIGHT C (2001) EATON CORPORATION

Figure 8-29 Integral pilot pressure check valve

Figure 8-30 Variations of two-stage valve symbols

Figure 8-31 Plug options for pilot pressure supply

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Figure 8-34 Stroke limiter option

Figure 8-35 Pattern interface terminology for mounting standards

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Figure 8-36 High flow position of a pre-fill valve

Figure 8-37 High pressure position of a pre-fill valve

Figure 8-38 Shuttle valve and symbol

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