Deviance and Social Control

ABRIL, FRANCIS
GARCIA, HARRISON
RAMIREZ, RICHARD
REYES, ALJOHN MARK
 IMPORTANCE AND OBJECTIVES

 To understand the effects of deviance to the society.

 To determine the possible causes of deviation.
 To give a wider understanding about deviance and
social control.
DEFINITION

A deviant person is different from

usual standard, more likely in social
behavior.

A type of person whose behavior

deviates from what is acceptable
especially in sexual behavior.

A person whose markedly different from

an accepted norm.
 MANIFESTATIONS OF DEVIANCE

Deviance can be easily reflected by one’s

movements and gestures. They can be reflected
through the violation of socail norms including laws
and enacted rules.
This behaviors or actions can be classified
through:
-Defiance-
-Non conformity-
-Variation-
-Disregard-
 Defiance
Defined as a daring or
bold resistance to
authority or to any
opposing force.

Example:
- A group of nurses
walking out on the job
and picketing against
the hospital.
Non-conformity
Determined as failure or
refusal to conform to a
prevailing rule or
practice.

Example:
- Wearing a tech shirt in
a proper uniform
decorum day.
 Variation
It is a different or distinct
form or version of
something.

Example:
- Having variety of
languages in a specific
meeting resulted to
major misundertanding.
Disregard
Defined as the action or
state of disregarding or
ignoring something.

Example:
- A driver does not pay
attention to the traffic
light even though it
blinks red.
 Forms of Deviance

Deviance have different forms in nature that was

discussed from merton’s strain theory, namely:
• INNOVATION
• RITUALISM
• RETREATISM
• REBELLION
 Innovation
Using socially
unapproved or
unconventional means
to obtain culturally
approved goals.

Example:
- Dealing drugs or
stealing to achieve
financial security.
Ritualism
Using the same socially
approved means to
achieve less elusive
goals.

Example:
- A businessman
embrace the goal of
getting ahead in society
by doing well in his
career and earning as
much money as
 Retreatism
To reject both the
cultural goals and the
means to obtain it,
then find a way to
escape it.

Example:
- In western society,
getting rich is a
culturally accepted
goal. But then you
reject the fact of
getting rich by working
Rebellion
An act of violent or
open resistance to an
established
government or ruler.
Example:
- The New People’s
Army attacks the
Malacanang to
oppress the
corruption inside the
government.
 In our modern times, societal deviation is
becoming worse. Some of these are drug addiction,
alcoholism, juvenile delinquency, prostitution,
abnormalities in behavior, sexual deviation etc.
 FACTORS AFFECTING DEVIANCE

There are different factors affecting and

influencing deviant behaviors. These are as follows:
 Degree of Deviance depends upon the value placed
on the norm
 Individualism, Self-expression and Modernization
 Performing role prescriptions by group deviating
from a larger society
 CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVIANCE

Deviance is composed of some characteristics

such as:
1. It is relative
2. It is pathological
3. It may be tolerated, approved or disapproved
 THEORIES ON DEVIANT BEHAVIORS

There were some studies and explanations made

to discover more about deviant behaviors and how it
affects the society. These theories is classified on the
type of its approach namely;
1. Biological Approach
2. Psychological Approach
3. Sociological Approach
 Biological Approach

Cezar (Cesare) Lambroso

“Theory of Atavism”
 Lombroso's theory
of anthropological
criminology essentially
stated that criminality
was inherited, and that
someone "born criminal"
could be identified
by physical (congenital)
defects, which confirmed a
criminal
as savage or atavistic.
 psychological Approach

 Psychoanalytic  Psychosocial Theory of

theory is Development, as
the theory of articulated by Erik
personality Erikson, in
organization and collaboration with
Joan Erikson, is a
the dynamics of
comprehensive psycho
personality analytic theory that
development that identifies a series of
guides psychoana eight stages, in which
lysis, a clinical a healthy developing
method for individual should pass
treating through from infancy
psychopathology. to late adulthood.
 sociological Approach

 The idea of anomie means the lack of

normal ethical or social standards.
This concept first emerged in 1893,
with French sociologist Emile
Durkheim. Normlessness is a state
where the expectations of behavior
are unclear, and the system has
broken down.

 The Strain theory, states that society

puts pressure on individuals to
achieve socially accepted goals (such
as the American dream) though they
lack the means, this leads
to strain which may lead the
individuals to commit crimes.
 Containment theory, as developed by
Walter Reckless in 1973, states that behavior
is caused not by outside stimuli, but by what
a person wants most at any given time.
According to the control theory, weaker
containing social systems result in more
deviant behavior.

 Conflict theory focuses on the heterogeneous

nature of society and the differential
distribution of political and social power and
sees society as a dynamic entity constantly
undergoing change as a result of competition
over scarce resources
 In criminology,
differential association is
a theory developed
by Edwin Sutherland
proposing that through
interaction with others,
individuals learn the
values, attitudes,
techniques, and motives
for criminal behavior.
 POSITIVE FUNCTION OF DEVIANCE

According to Clinnard and Meyer (1979),

deviance can affect the society positively in such ways:
1. Makes people aware of the possible dangers
emanating from such deviation. (Awareness)
2. People may develop a common interest in
informing to group norms as they acquire a
common sense of morality. (Interest)
3. People may tend to unite in common defense to
criminals. (Unity)
4. Deviation may serve as a warning device for some
imperfections or faults in society. (Depiction)
Crime
and
Drug
 DRUGS

In Philippines, there were rampant usage of

drugs which was prohibited by the law. Some of the
drugs that can be seen and used in the country are as
follows:
 Marijuana
 Cocaine
 Heroine
 Crystal Meth (Shabu)
 Ecstasy
 Cost of Drug Addiction in the Philippines
The cost of drug addiction is high for the Philippines and it
involves:
 A great deal of domestic violence is associated with drug
abuse.
 A huge proportion of criminal acts are committed by
individuals who are trying to satisfy their drug habit.
 The economy suffers because drug users become less
productive in their jobs or they become unable to work
completely.
 The government needs to spend large amounts of money on
tackling drug problems.
 The resources used by law enforcement alone are a drain.
 Money that could be spent to improve the life of a family is
wasted because one member is a drug addict. It can lead to a
situation where the rest of the family is living in poverty while
one of them wastes thousands of pesos each week on drugs.
 A criminal underworld had developed in order to take
advantage of the desire for these illegal substances. The
money made from selling drugs is used to finance other
criminal acts as well as terrorism.
 Drug addict can destroy communities. It can lead to a
situation where people are afraid to leave their homes because
of fear of crime.
 The individual who falls into drug addiction can lose
everything – including their own self respect. This miserable
life is a waste of human potential.
 The Philippine Drug War, also known locally as the War
on Drugs , refers to the drug policy control in
the Philippines initiated by the Philippine government under
President Rodrigo Duterte. It has been criticized locally and
internationally for the number of deaths resulting from police
operations, and alleged summary executions. According to
police reports, 3,900 deaths were legal operations and that all of
those who died fought against the police force. It was later
revealed by both local and foreign investigation groups that
more than 14,000 people have been killed in the drug war from
inception to March 2017. All deaths allegedly included Filipinos
who fought against the police and possessed definite amount of
drugs and guns, including teenagers.
 Crime

 Philippines is facing various types of crimes namely;

1. Organized Crimes (Extortion, Drug selling, Loan
sharking, Robbery, Kidnapping, and Murder-for
hire)
2. Petty Crimes ( Pick-pocketing)
3. Violent Crimes (Kidnap-for-ransom)
4. Prostitution
5. Human Trafficking
6. Corruption and police misconduct
7. Illegal drug trade
Cities in Philippines with the highest numbers of index crimes (2010 – 2015)

Rank City Index Crimes

1 Quezon City 65,514
2 City of Manila 54,689
3 Cebu City 38,797
4 Davao City 37,684
5 Cagayan De Oro 31,345
 Social Control Mechanisms

1. Internalization of group norms resulting from

socialization.
2. External pressure in form of sanctions:
a. Concession (Pakikisama)
b. Gossip
c. Levelling Technique or Sociostat
d. Curbing of anti social attitudes