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The system that drives the vehicle does the majority of the braking. When the driver steps
on the brake pedal of an electric or hybrid vehicle, these types of brakes put the vehicle's
electric motor into reverse mode, causing it to run backwards, thus slowing the car's
wheels. While running backwards, the motor also acts as an electric generator, producing
electricity that's then fed into the vehicle's batteries.
Vehicles driven by electric
motors use the motor as a
generator when using
regenerative braking: it is
operated as a generator during
braking and its output is
supplied to an electrical load;
the transfer of energy to the
load provides the braking
effect.
Many modern hybrid and
electric vehicles use this
technique to extend the range
of the battery pack.
Kinetic energy recovery system
The device recovers the
kinetic energy that is
present in the waste heat
created by the car’s braking
process.
The concept of transferring
the vehicle’s kinetic energy
using Flywheel energy
storage was postulated by
physicist Richard Feynman
in the 1950s
Flywheel of K. E . R. S
Made of steel and carbon fibre
which rotates at over 60,000 RPM.
60 kW power transmission in
either storage or recovery
car.
When the driver presses his boost button that stored energy is
The Flywheel rotor is decelerated during boost discharge mode and the
energy is converted back.
This has been exhibited in the Motor sport industry –The system used by F! cars
is called K. E. R. S (Kinetic Energy Recovery System)
Braking is not total loss
Conventional brakes apply friction to convert a vehicle’s kinetic energy
into heat. In energy terms, therefore, braking is a total loss: once heat is
generated, it is very difficult to reuse. The regenerative braking system,
however, slows a vehicle down in a different way.
Wear Reduction
An electric drive train also allows for regenerative breaking which
increases Efficiency and reduces wear on the vehicle brakes.
LIMITATIONS OF K.E.R.S.
The regenerative braking effect drops off at lower speeds, therefore the
friction brake is still required in order to bring the vehicle to a complete
halt.
The friction brake is a necessary back-up in the event of failure of the
regenerative brake.
Most road vehicles with regenerative braking only have power on some
wheels (as in a 2WD car) and regenerative braking power only applies to
such wheels, so in order to provide controlled braking under difficult
conditions (such as in wet roads) friction based braking is necessary on the
other wheels
CONCLUSION
The energy efficiency of a conventional brake is only about 20
percent, with the remaining 80 percent of its energy being
converted to heat through friction. The miraculous thing
about regenerative braking is that it may be able to capture as
much as half of that wasted energy and put it back to work.
This reduces fuel consumption by 10 to 25 percent.
Hence regenerative braking plays an important role in fuel
consumption and also in the field of speed