ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION

Group 3:
Akshaya Bhardwaj
Aritra Sanyal
Mahesh Kumar
Namit Gaur
Sushan Upadhyaya
Unnati Khandelwal
 Robotics

• Interdisciplinary Branch
• Rapidly Growing Field
• Used in STEM
• Robotics involves
• Conception
• Design
• Manufacture
• Operations
• Consider as a future of the world
 Automation

Also called as Automatic Control

Ford given in 1947
Widely used in every sector.
There are huge impact of automations

 IT Automations
 Health Care Automations
 Banking Automations
 Impacts on Society

Positive:
• Automating a job can result in more of those jobs.
• Automation doesn’t necessarily make humans
obsolete.
Negative:
• Automation leads to loss of existing jobs
 Impacts on Economy

Positive:
• Benefit to rural economy in India
• Automation and Robotics boost productivity(GDP)
Negative:
• Robots replace too many jobs before a jobless
economy can be stabilized.
• Identity Theft and Data Abuse
Opportunities and Prospects
 Advances in Robotics and Automation
• Lovotics
Social Robotics and Human Robot Interaction towards affection
and friendship between the robot and the human partner.
• Social Robots and Chatbots
Robot that interacts and communicates with humans or other
autonomous physical agents by following social behaviours.
• Neurorobotics
• Neural Networks
Defined as Artificial intelligence technique that mimics the
operation of the human brain (nerves and neurons), and
comprises of densely interconnected computer processors
working simultaneously.
• Medical Robotics
• Industrial Robotics
• Telerobotics
Telerobotics is the area of robotics concerned with the control of
semi-autonomous robots from a distance, chiefly using Wireless
network (like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, the Deep Space Network, and
similar) or tethered connections.
• Swarm Intelligence and Robotics
Swarm intelligence and robotics is another way to deal with the
coordination of multi-robot frameworks.
• Nanobots
Fight with in-body cancerous cells and kill them.
Prospects of loosing jobs to
Machines?
• Factories will always seek the cheapest workforce, be that
human or machine.

• Compared with humans, robots may be quicker to train,

cheaper to maintain, easier to refuel and repair, and less prone
to be bored by repetitive tasks.

• However, it’s worth keeping in mind that one of the primary

uses of these technologies is doing things we don’t want to.
Dangerous jobs, boring jobs, physically demanding jobs and
jobs where high levels of repetitive accuracy are needed.
• While traditional machines, including fixed location
industrial robots, replaced our muscles (and those of
other animals like horses and oxen), these new smart
machines have the potential to replace our minds .
• Will this just have the same effects as
past technological leaps – short term
disruption more than offset by long term
economic gains – or is this something more
fundamental in terms of taking humans
out of the loop.
Let’s take a look:-
• Does risk vary by sectors?
• One of the main drivers of a job being at potentially high risk
of automation is the composition of tasks that are conducted.

• In contrast, in lower automation risk

industries such as education, there is an
increased focus on social and literacy skills, which are
relatively less automatable.
Is the situation this grim? No! We have hope.
• There are economic, legal and regulatory constraints that
might restrict automation in practice?
• The first important constraint here is economic – just
because it is technically feasible to replace a human
worker with a robot, for example, does not mean that
it would be economically attractive to do so.
• Even if economic barriers to adopting automation
can eventually be overcome, however, there could
also be significant legal and regulatory hurdles to
negotiate. Eg: The case of driveless cars.
Other side to it?
• Can Automation generate offsetting jobs and
income gain?
• We have focused so far on estimating the potential
job losses from automation. In practice, however,
there should also be significant gains from these
technologies in terms of completely new types of
jobs being created related to these new digital
technologies.
• Wealth from these innovations being recycled into
additional spending, so generating demand for extra
jobs in less automatable sectors where humans retain
a comparative advantage over smart machines..
• This can lead to …
• Broadly similar overall rates of employment for
human workers, although with different distributions
across industry sectors and types of jobs than now.
• Higher average real income levels across the country
as a whole due to higher overall productivity
• More skewed income distribution with a greater
proportion going to those with the skills to thrive in
an ever more digital economy – this would put a
premium not just on education levels when entering
the workforce, but also the ability to adapt over time
and reskill throughout a working life.
 Can man and machine co-exist?
Is there a middle way in terms of
future of Jobs.
• The future of employment seems likely to rely on us
finding new things to do with these new
technologies, using them in new ways to create other
avenues of pursuit and other mechanisms of revenue
generation. Increased automation is likely to lead to
the capacity for more production while employing
fewer people.
• Artificial Intelligence, Robots and Automation will
offer new opportunities for human endeavour and
new markets will follow. We have good historical
precedent for creating work we’d never even
imagined, built on the technology of the previous
age.
• Collaboration – The middle way
Through collaboration, we will get more of what we do
now done – better, quicker and cheaper. In addition,
these tools will be great enablers of new opportunities
and new markets. We will find new things to explore
that were previously not possible without these
technologies or collaborations. New types of businesses
and new economies will come to life.
• Why collaboration is more likely than takeover?
• AIRA technologies have the potential to free us from
many of the tasks we don’t want to do, and to do new
things that would be impossible without them. Both of
these let us develop and explore new ways of living and
working.
• A more cultured caring and individual world?
• Ironically the ‘rise of the robots’ might be the most
humanising thing we’ve ever done.
• Our efforts, personally and in business will be to connect
more, seeking out higher quality experiences together,
through creating, sharing, collaborating and exploring.
But what if these machines displace
more jobs than they really create?
 We choose the Future!

• Will all truck drivers, accountants, lawyers, teachers,

bakers, IT installers, painters, archaeologists,
surgeons, pharmacists and basketball players be out
of a job tomorrow? No.
• How we choose to use and deploy these technologies
and what we choose to do by working with them is
the biggest influence on how our future will turn out.
 Governments can also play a Role.

• Governments, business and academia all have a responsibility to

prepare the current and future workforce for the imminent and
dramatic changes to come, and society as a whole has to buy into
this new industrial revolution.
• Look for ways to deliver benefits outside of
employment. “Flexicurity,” or flexible security, is one idea for
providing healthcare, education, and housing assistance whether
or not someone is formally employed.
• Providing a guaranteed basic income, and encouraging corporate
profit-sharing are some ideas that need to be considered in the
case of persistent unemployment.
 Conclusion
• Technological developments are changing the world and the
way we work. Self-driving vehicles, 3D printers, and artificial
intelligence are providing new business opportunities, raising
concerns that jobs will be replaced with automated processes.
However, mass-unemployment has not been realised in the
medium to long-term. On the contrary, economic output and
employment have risen substantially in developed countries.
• There will be a rise in cultural work, entertainment,
experiences and also care and repair. With our notions of
value shifted we value culture, relationships, care and
experiences even more. These entertainment, experience,
culture and care economies may boom.
• My view remains that any time technology replaces people,
ultimately those people find something new to do, often in
collaboration with and thanks to the existence of those new
technologies.
• AIRA technologies have the potential to free us from many of
the tasks we don’t want to do, and to do new things that
would be impossible without them. Both of these let us
develop and explore new ways of living and working.