Innovative Technological

Solutions
for
Wastewater Treatment and Disposal
“The significant problems we face today
cannot be solved at the same level of
thinking we were at when we created
them”

Albert Einstein
 WASTE MANAGEMENT HIERARCHY

Cleaner Production / Waste Minimisation

Treatment

Reuse / Recover / Recycle

Disposal
 Challenges

• Quality requirements

• Energy requirements

• Land requirements

• Operation and Maintenance

 ADVANCED BIOLOGICAL TREATMENTS

• Advanced Biological Treatments Include

 Membrane Bioreactor (MBR)

 Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR)

 Moving Bed Bioreactor (MBBR)

 Pure Oxygen Technology

 Biological Heavy Metal Removal

 ADVANCED BIOLOGICAL
TREATMENTS
• Typical Volumetric Loading and Removal Efficiency for Various
Systems
Rate (kg BOD/m3.d) Removal Efficiency
System
Typical Loading (%)
Complete Mix ASP 0.3 – 1.6 85 - 92

Extended Aeration 0.1 – 0.3 95 -98

Membrane Bioreactor 1.8 – 5.7 96 - 99

Moving Bed Bioreactor 1.0 – 1.4 91 - 98

Sequencing Bioreactor 0.1 – 0.3 97 – 99

High Purity Oxygen 1.3 - 3.2 96 - 98

 REFINERY WASTEWATER BALANCE

• FLOW TO CONVENTIONAL ETP : 750 M3/HR

(435 M3/HR DISCHARGED AFTER TREATMENT ALONGWITH 66 M3/HR OF RO
REJECT)

• FLOW TO FILTRATION UNIT & UF : 315 M3/HR

• UF PERMEATE : 315 M3/HR

(218 M3/HR IS SUBJECTED TO RO & 97 M3/HR IS BLENDED WITH RO
PERMEATE & EVENTUALLY USED FOR COOLING TOWER MAKE UP)

• FLOW TO RO SYSTEM : 218 M3/HR

RO PERMEATE RECOVERED : 152 M3/HR BLENDED WITH UF PERMEATE &

USED AS COOLING WATER MAKE UP

RO REJECT : 66 M3/HR IS DISCHARGED ALONGWITH BIOLOGICALLY TREATED

WASTEWATER

• WATER RECOVERED = 97 + 152 = 249 M3/HR USED AS COOLING TOWER MAKE

UP
DETAILS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT - REFINERY

PRELIMINARY TREATMENT UNITS FOR SPENT CAUSTIC

- SPENT CAUSTIC TANK, REACTION TANK, H2O2 DOSING SYSTEM

TREATMENT UNITS FOR COMBINED WASTEWATER

PRIMARY TREATMENT TERTIARY TREATMENT

- IS SUMP - FILTER FEED / CHLORINATION SUMP

- SS SUMP - DMF & ACF
- SURGE TANKS - HRSCC
- SPLITTER BOX - MULTIGRADE FILTER
- API - BASKET STRAINER
- TPI - ULTRA FILTRATION
- DAF - REVERSE OSMOSIS
- CHEMICAL DOSING SYSTEMS - CHEMICAL DOSING SYSTEM

SECONDARY TREATMENT
- BIOTOWER FEED SUMP
- BIOTOWER
- AERATION TANK
- SECONDARY CLARIFIER
-GUARD POND
-CHEMICAL DOSING SYSTEMS
 EMULSIONS PLANT- WATER BALANCE

• TOTAL WATER REQUIREMENT - 253 M3/DAY

• TOTAL EFFLUENT FROM PLANT FLOWING TO ETP -128 M3/DAY

(Including reject from WTP RO)

• PERMEATE RECOVERED FROM ETP – 99 M3/DAY

(87 M3/DAY USED AS WTP FEED & 12 M3/DAY USED AS BOILER MAKE UP)

• RO REJECT (28 M3/DAY) FROM ETP SUBJECTED TO EVPORATION

(CONDENSATE RECOVERD : 28 M3/DAY USED AS WTP FEED)

• SOLID WASTE FROM ETP (1 M3/DAY) & RMS : 0.5 TPD (85% DRY SOLIDS)
FOR LANDFILL

• LIQUID EFFLUENT DISCHARGE – ZERO

• WATER RECOVERED = 127 M3/DAY, 115 M3/DAY USED AS WTP FEED &
12 M3/DAY USED AS BOILER FEED

• FRESH RAW WATER REQUIREMENT - 126 M3/DAY

WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM- EMUSIONS PLANT
FLOOR
REJECT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 45 M3/D WASH
28 M3/D (RMS)

CONDENSATE
10 M3/D
DOMESTIC

28 M3/D
SOLIDS FOR DISPOSAL

COOLING
RAW WATER FROM 103 M3/D 48 M3/D TOWER
BOREWELL 126 M 3/D WATER TREATMENT PLANT MAKE UP
87 M3/D (WTP)
88 M3/D
PROCESS &
RO REJECT

MGF BACKWASH
PF BACKWASH
UTILITIES

RO PERMEATE FOR
RO PERMEATE

RO REJECT

3 M3/D

UF BACKWASH
25 M3/D

SLUDGE
6 M3/D

5 M3/D

11 M3/D
RO PERMEATE
TO BOILER MAKEUP 99 M3/D
12 M3/D 15 M3/D
BOILER & CT BLOWDOWN
WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT
8 M3/D
DRY SLUDGE (WWTP) DOMESTIC EFFLUENT
TO SECURED LANDFILL 1M3/D PROCESS EFFLUENT
55 M3/D
 DETAILS OF WTP - EMULSIONS PLANT

- RAW WATER STORAGE TANK

- HRSCC

- PRESSURE SAND FILTER (PSF)

- ULTRA VIOLET UNIT (UV)

- REVERSE OSMOSIS UNIT (RO)

- CHEMICAL DOSING SYSTEM

 PVC PLANT – WATER BALANCE

• TOTAL WATER REQUIREMENT - 4030 M3/DAY

• TOTAL EFFLUENT FLOWING TO ETP - 3178 M3/D

• 100 M3/D CTBD USED FOR GREEN BELT DIRECTLY

• 250 M3/D NEUTRALISED DM REG. USED FOR GREEN BELT

• 1070 M3/D OF UF PERMEATE RECYCLED TO DM PLANT

• 1025 M3/D OF UF PERMEATE RECYCLED AS CT MAKEUP

• 786 M3/D RO PERMEATE RECYCLED TO PROCESS

• RO REJECT (197 M3/D) & SLUDGE (100 M3/D) FROM ETP SUBJECTED TO EVPORATION
(290 M3/D OF CONDENSATE RECOVERED USED FOR PROCESS)

• SOLIDWASTE FROM RMS : 5.8TPD (85% DRY SOLIDS) FOR LANDFILL

• LIQUID EFFLUENT DISCHARGE – ZERO

• WATER RECOVERED = 100+250+1070+1025+786+290 = 3521 M3/D

• FRESH RAW WATER REQUIREMENT - 509 M3/D

 WATER RECOVERY PLANT FLOWSHEET FOR PVC PLANT

NEUTRALISED DM REG. EFFLUENT

250 M3/D

DM
GREEN BELT SURFACE DRAIN FROM PLANT PLANT

50 M3/D
350 M3/D

1070 M3/D
10 M3/D
100 M3/D 865 M3/D UTILITY
IRRIGATION COOLING BOILER
EFFLUENT
WATER TOWER
COLLECTION
SUMP
SUMP

1025 M3/D
925 M3/D
2095 M3/D

2238 M3/D PROCESS EFFLUENT

ULTRA PRIMARY
FILTRATION TREATMENT 15 M3/D DOMESTIC EFFLUENT
SLUDGE
983 M3/D

BACKWASH
100 M3/D

REVERSE 197 M3/D REJECT REJECT

OSMOSIS MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

786 M3/D
290 M3/D
1076 M3/D
RECYCLED TO PROCESS SOLIDS 5.8TPD